Zhang Yaoquan, Luo Zhuzhu, Li Liangliang, Nian Lili, Li Lingling, Niu Yining, He Renyuan, Liu Jiahe
College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Feb 27;13(3):540. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13030540.
Soil microbial communities play an important role in driving diverse ecosystem functions and ecological processes and are the main driving force for maintaining biogeochemical cycles. To investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer addition on soil microbial community characteristics and ecosystem multifunctionality in alfalfa fields, a field experiment was conducted in the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau. Ecological network analysis revealed a strong cooperative relationship among bacterial community species under the N100 treatment, while a strong competitive relationship was observed among fungal community species under the N50 treatment. Furthermore, compared with the control check, the soil carbon nutrient function, ecosystem multifunctionality and grassland productivity of N150 treatment increased by 45.17%, 34.01%, and 7.92%, while the soil phosphorus function decreased by 13.44%. Additionally, soil pH significantly influences ecosystem multifunctionality, soil carbon nutrient function, and grassland productivity. Soil water content notably affects the soil phosphorus nutrient function, while soil microbial diversity has a significant impact on grassland productivity and soil potassium nutrient function. The above results suggest that alterations in soil nutrient levels influence ecosystem multifunctionality by regulating microbial community diversity, offering new insights into the mechanisms by which nutrients impact soil microbial communities and ecosystem properties.
土壤微生物群落对于驱动多样的生态系统功能和生态过程起着重要作用，是维持生物地球化学循环的主要驱动力。为了研究氮肥添加对苜蓿地土壤微生物群落特征和生态系统多功能性的影响，在黄土高原半干旱地区进行了田间试验。生态网络分析表明，在N100处理下细菌群落物种之间存在强烈的合作关系，而在N50处理下真菌群落物种之间观察到强烈的竞争关系。此外，与对照相比，N150处理的土壤碳养分功能、生态系统多功能性和草地生产力分别提高了45.17%、34.01%和7.92%，而土壤磷功能下降了13.44%。此外，土壤pH值显著影响生态系统多功能性、土壤碳养分功能和草地生产力。土壤含水量显著影响土壤磷养分功能，而土壤微生物多样性对草地生产力和土壤钾养分功能有显著影响。上述结果表明，土壤养分水平的变化通过调节微生物群落多样性影响生态系统多功能性，为养分影响土壤微生物群落和生态系统特性的机制提供了新的见解。
