Zhang Pengpai, Zhang Wenjing, Wang Shihong, Zhang Honglin, Zhu Mengke, Wu Die, Sun Yongmei, Zhang Haiyan
School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 4750040, China.
Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 31;15(1):11009. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79371-6.
Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) rotiform disease is caused by Boeremia exigua var. exigua which affects seriously its yields and quality. During its growth, B. exigua can produce toxins but less is known about it. The biological characters of B. exigua were studied. The ideal culture conditions of mycelial growth were pH 5-8, 25 °C, static, and continuous light for 27 days, mannitol can replace sucrose as the most favorable carbon source in the modified Czapek solution, moreover, the addition of inositol or Vitamin B2 was benefit. The ideal culture conditions of crude toxin production were pH 5-7, 25 °C, static, and continuous light for 21 days, the studies did demonstrate that Czapek medium resulted in high levels of toxin formation, while Malt extract and Richard medium resulted in low production levels of toxins, there were no toxins are produced in PD medium at all. Sucrose and glucose can be used as suitable carbon source for the production of toxins, moreover, the addition of inositol or Vitamin C can stimulate the crude toxin production of B. exigua. The crude toxin of B. exigua has good thermal stability, low sensitivity to various wavelengths of light. It is also shown that crude toxins could inhibit the germination and radicle elongation of mung bean, lead to necrotic spots on leaves and have a strong wilt effect on seedlings of mung bean. It also had different degrees of inhibition to other crops such as sorghum, string bean and so on. In order to better control the disease, laboratory toxicities of 21 fungicides were tested. it revealed that Prochlomz has the greatest inhibitory effect, followed by Prochlomz and Carbendazim.
绿豆（Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek）轮纹病由瓜亡革菌西瓜专化型（Boeremia exigua var. exigua）引起，严重影响其产量和品质。在其生长过程中，瓜亡革菌会产生毒素，但对此了解较少。对瓜亡革菌的生物学特性进行了研究。菌丝体生长的理想培养条件为pH 5 - 8、25℃、静置、连续光照27天，在改良查氏培养基中甘露醇可替代蔗糖作为最适宜的碳源，此外，添加肌醇或维生素B2有益。粗毒素产生的理想培养条件为pH 5 - 7、25℃、静置、连续光照21天，研究表明查氏培养基导致高水平的毒素形成，而麦芽提取物培养基和理查德培养基导致低水平的毒素产生，马铃薯葡萄糖培养基中根本不产生毒素。蔗糖和葡萄糖可作为产生毒素的适宜碳源，此外，添加肌醇或维生素C可刺激瓜亡革菌粗毒素的产生。瓜亡革菌的粗毒素具有良好的热稳定性，对各种波长的光敏感性低。还表明粗毒素可抑制绿豆的萌发和胚根伸长，导致叶片出现坏死斑，并对绿豆幼苗有强烈的萎蔫作用。它对高粱、四季豆等其他作物也有不同程度的抑制作用。为了更好地防治该病，对21种杀菌剂进行了室内毒力测定。结果表明，丙氯灵的抑制作用最大，其次是丙氯灵和多菌灵。
