Manzoor Subaya, Nabi Sajad Un, Ayaz Aadil, Rasool Bushra, Sharma Susheel K, Chesti M H, Parveen Shugufta, Verma M K, Diab M A, Rabbee Muhammad Fazle
Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Mar 19;16:1560720. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1560720. eCollection 2025.
Apple ( Borkh.), pear ( L.), and quince ( Mill.) are widely cultivated fruit crops in temperate regions due to their desirable flavors and health benefits. However, their production is severely affected by various biotic stresses, with viral diseases being particularly significant challenge. These viral infections are of great economic importance, not only reduce tree vigor and yield but also compromise fruit quality and marketability. To date, more than 26 viruses and viroids have been identified as pathogens of these fruit trees. Many of these viral diseases persist as latent infections, causing permanent infections in these fruit trees. This review provides an overview of the viral pathogens affecting apple, pear, and quince, including their characterization, transmission modes, and the challenges they present for management. Emphasis is placed on accurate diagnosis and effective control strategies to mitigate the impact of these diseases in apple orchards.
苹果（蔷薇科苹果属）、梨（蔷薇科梨属）和榅桲（蔷薇科榅桲属）因其诱人的风味和对健康的益处，在温带地区广泛种植。然而，它们的生产受到各种生物胁迫的严重影响，其中病毒病是特别重大的挑战。这些病毒感染具有重大的经济意义，不仅会降低树势和产量，还会损害果实品质和市场适销性。迄今为止，已鉴定出26种以上病毒和类病毒是这些果树的病原体。其中许多病毒病以潜伏感染形式存在，导致这些果树永久性感染。本综述概述了影响苹果、梨和榅桲的病毒病原体，包括它们的特征、传播方式以及管理方面面临的挑战。重点在于准确诊断和有效的控制策略，以减轻这些病害对苹果园的影响。
