Tao Qiqiang, Wu Youzhi, Pang Huiwen, Lv Pinglei, Li Wenrui, Nie Xuqiang, Han Felicity Y
Hainan Beautech Stem Cell Anti-Aging Hospital, Qionghai, Hainan, China.
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Mar 21;16:1536655. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1536655. eCollection 2025.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) are being investigated in various clinical trials for different conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is limited research on the optimal injection routes for UCMSCs in T2DM, particularly intravenous injection.
The objective of this study aims to investigate the efficacy of four different administration routes of UCMSCs in treating T2DM rats, including pancreas injection (DP), tail vein injection (DT), intraperitoneal injection (DI), and dorsal pancreatic artery injection (DPA).
After two weeks of UCMSCs treatment, the fasting blood glucose levels in the DT group decreased significantly. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels and the islet structure in the DT group almost recovered to normal. The contents of C-P and GLP-1 in serum increased significantly in all treatment groups, while the levels of INS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IAA, and GSP decreased significantly. These improvements were further observed after four weeks of UCMSCs treatment. Histological analysis confirmed the progression of pancreatic recovery in all treatment groups, with the DT group showing the most significant improvement, correlating with the observed efficacy. Immunohistochemistry results further demonstrated increased insulin and PDX-1 expression, along with reduced glucagon levels in UCMSCs-treated rats. Additionally, liver and kidney function significantly improved across all treatment groups, with the DT group showing the best outcomes.
Overall, these findings suggest that the administration route significantly affected the efficacy of UCMSCs in treating T2DM, with tail vein injection showing the most effective results.
人脐带间充质干细胞（UCMSCs）正在针对包括2型糖尿病（T2DM）在内的各种病症进行多项临床试验研究。然而，关于UCMSCs在T2DM中的最佳注射途径，特别是静脉注射的研究有限。
本研究旨在探讨UCMSCs的四种不同给药途径对T2DM大鼠的治疗效果，包括胰腺注射（DP）、尾静脉注射（DT）、腹腔注射（DI）和胰背动脉注射（DPA）。
UCMSCs治疗两周后，DT组空腹血糖水平显著降低。DT组的口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）水平和胰岛结构几乎恢复正常。所有治疗组血清中C-P和GLP-1含量显著增加，而INS、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IAA和GSP水平显著降低。UCMSCs治疗四周后进一步观察到这些改善。组织学分析证实所有治疗组胰腺恢复进程，DT组改善最为显著，与观察到的疗效相关。免疫组织化学结果进一步证明UCMSCs治疗的大鼠胰岛素和PDX-1表达增加，胰高血糖素水平降低。此外，所有治疗组的肝肾功能均显著改善，DT组效果最佳。
总体而言，这些发现表明给药途径显著影响UCMSCs治疗T2DM的疗效，尾静脉注射显示出最有效的结果。
