Marsh Eliza L, Sayette Michael A, Fraundorf Scott H, Pedersen Sarah L, Creswell Kasey G, Goodwin Madeline E
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.
J Psychopathol Clin Sci. 2025 Jul;134(5):554-570. doi: 10.1037/abn0000990. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
Smoking cue-exposure research provides a powerful experimental method to investigate craving, test new treatments, and identify individuals and groups who may be at heightened risk for relapse. Exposure to smoking cues consistently increases craving levels, and research indicates that these peak cravings reliably predict a range of clinically meaningful outcomes. To date, studies have been underpowered, however, to evaluate sociodemographic differences in lab-based cravings. This is unfortunate, as differences across racial identities and sex exist in smoking trends and health-related consequences of smoking. The present cue-exposure study leveraged a large sample size and a multifaceted statistical approach, using both means-based and person-centered analyses, to examine craving dynamics among Black and White and male and female smokers. We conducted preregistered analyses of 617 nicotine-deprived individuals who smoke daily (pooled from seven studies) reporting levels of urge before and during smoking cue exposure (i.e., holding a lit cigarette). The results indicated that Black female and male participants exhibited heightened urge ratings at the outset of the study and were more prone to experiencing maximal peak-provoked craving during cue exposure compared to White female and male participants. Further, White female participants demonstrated heightened cue reactivity relative to White male participants. Findings provide compelling evidence to support a more comprehensive approach to understanding experimentally induced cigarette craving than is currently employed in the literature and highlight the importance of considering intersecting identity factors when examining craving. Clinically, the results underscore the value of lab-based research to address racial and sex inequities in smoking behavior and health outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
吸烟线索暴露研究提供了一种强大的实验方法,用于研究渴望程度、测试新的治疗方法,以及识别可能有更高复发风险的个体和群体。接触吸烟线索会持续增加渴望程度,而且研究表明,这些峰值渴望能可靠地预测一系列具有临床意义的结果。然而,迄今为止,研究的样本量不足,无法评估基于实验室的渴望程度中的社会人口统计学差异。这很遗憾,因为不同种族身份和性别的吸烟趋势以及吸烟对健康的相关影响存在差异。本线索暴露研究利用了大样本量和多方面的统计方法,采用基于均值和以人为中心的分析,来研究黑人和白人以及男性和女性吸烟者的渴望动态。我们对617名每天吸烟且处于尼古丁戒断状态的个体(汇集自七项研究)进行了预先注册的分析,这些个体报告了在接触吸烟线索(即手持点燃的香烟)之前和期间的渴望程度。结果表明,与白人女性和男性参与者相比,黑人女性和男性参与者在研究开始时表现出更高的渴望评分,并且在线索暴露期间更容易经历最大峰值引发的渴望。此外,白人女性参与者相对于白人男性参与者表现出更高的线索反应性。研究结果提供了有力证据,支持采用比目前文献中所采用的更全面的方法来理解实验诱导的香烟渴望,并强调在研究渴望时考虑交叉身份因素的重要性。在临床上,这些结果强调了基于实验室的研究对于解决吸烟行为和健康结果中的种族和性别不平等问题的价值。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2025美国心理学会,保留所有权利)