血红素 - Aβ 复合物0:活性氧生成和过氧化物酶活性的共同中间体。
Heme-Aβ compound 0: a common intermediate in ROS generation and peroxidase activity.
作者信息
Dey Chinmay, Pal Puja, Samanta Soumya, Ghosh Dey Somdatta
机构信息
School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
出版信息
Dalton Trans. 2025 May 6;54(18):7263-7271. doi: 10.1039/d5dt00234f.
Oxidative stress is a key factor in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is the leading cause of dementia. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, along with redox-active metal ions and heme cofactors, all of which significantly contribute to disease progression. When heme binds to Aβ, it can drive oxidative stress through two primary pathways: firstly, reduced high-spin ferrous heme-Aβ active sites may generate HO through oxygen reduction, leading to the oxidation of biomolecules and lipid membranes; secondly, this HO can react with the oxidised form of high-spin ferric heme-Aβ, initiating peroxidase-like activity that can catalyse the oxidation of neurotransmitters. These pathways converge at a crucial intermediate the heme-Aβ-peroxo complex, which serves as the final intermediate in the ROS cycle and the first in the peroxidase cycle. Although, we have previously characterized other intermediates in these pathways, compound 0 resulting from the reaction of a high-spin heme-Aβ species with peroxides has remained elusive due to its rapid hydrolysis in an aqueous environment. In this study, we report the oxidation of dopamine by peroxides catalyzed by ferric heme-Aβ species and successfully stabilised and characterized compound 0 of high-spin heme-Aβ in dimethylformamide, an organic aprotic solvent. This stabilization enables detection through stopped-flow, EPR and resonance Raman spectroscopy, thereby facilitating a deeper understanding of the oxidative stress caused by high-spin heme-Aβ.
氧化应激是神经退行性疾病的关键因素,尤其是在作为痴呆症主要病因的阿尔茨海默病(AD)中。AD的一个标志是淀粉样β(Aβ)肽的积累,以及具有氧化还原活性的金属离子和血红素辅因子,所有这些都对疾病进展有显著影响。当血红素与Aβ结合时,它可以通过两条主要途径引发氧化应激:首先,还原态的高自旋亚铁血红素 - Aβ活性位点可能通过氧还原产生羟基自由基(HO),导致生物分子和脂质膜的氧化;其次,这种HO可以与高自旋铁血红素 - Aβ的氧化形式反应,引发类似过氧化物酶的活性,从而催化神经递质的氧化。这些途径在一个关键中间体——血红素 - Aβ - 过氧复合物处汇聚,该复合物是活性氧(ROS)循环中的最终中间体,也是过氧化物酶循环中的第一个中间体。尽管我们之前已经对这些途径中的其他中间体进行了表征,但由于其在水性环境中快速水解,由高自旋血红素 - Aβ物种与过氧化物反应产生的化合物0一直难以捉摸。在本研究中,我们报道了铁血红素 - Aβ物种催化过氧化物对多巴胺的氧化反应,并在非质子有机溶剂二甲基甲酰胺中成功稳定并表征了高自旋血红素 - Aβ的化合物0。这种稳定化使得能够通过停流、电子顺磁共振(EPR)和共振拉曼光谱进行检测,从而有助于更深入地了解高自旋血红素 - Aβ引起的氧化应激。