[疫苗相关脊髓灰质炎：口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的安全性，巴西，2013 - 2023年 疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒引起的脊髓灰质炎：巴西2013 - 2023年口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的安全性]
[Vaccine-associated poliomyelitis: safety of the oral poliovirus vaccine, Brazil, 2013-2023Poliomielitis asociada a poliovirus derivados de la vacuna: seguridad de la vacuna oral contra la poliomielitis en Brasil, 2013-2023].
作者信息
Silva Roberta Mendes Abreu, Kobayashi Carla Dinamerica, Martins Adriano Ferreira, Porto Victor Bertollo Gomes, Araujo Ana Catarina de Melo, Andrade Paulo Henrique Santos, da Nóbrega Martha Elizabeth Brasil, Cabral Cibelle Mendes, de Moraes Mônica Brauner, Ikeda do Carmo Greice Madeleine, Cardoso Felipe Daniel, de Siqueira Guilherme Alves, de Matos Zirlei Maria, Percio Jadher, Fernandes Eder Gatti
机构信息
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente Brasília (DF) Brasil Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente, Brasília (DF), Brasil.
Secretaria do Estado do Distrito Federal Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica Brasília (DF) Brasil Secretaria do Estado do Distrito Federal, Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Brasília (DF), Brasil.
出版信息
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2025 Apr 9;49:e27. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2025.27. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE
To quantify the occurrence of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) cases in Brazil from January 2013 to May 2023.
METHODS
A descriptive study was conducted on VAPP cases reported as events supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization (ESAVI) following oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) administration. VAPP cases were defined as acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) with isolation of vaccine-derived poliovirus in stool samples and persistence of motor deficits after 60 days.
RESULTS
A total of 200 suspected cases were identified, with two confirmed as VAPP (<1 case per 10 million doses administered) based on the isolation of the vaccine virus. Risk factors associated with VAPP included incomplete vaccination schedules, malnutrition, and/or immunodeficiency.
CONCLUSIONS
VAPP occurrence was rare and aligned with expected values. Continued surveillance of ESAVI and suspected VAPP cases is essential to support poliomyelitis eradication efforts and ensure vaccine safety.
目的
量化2013年1月至2023年5月巴西疫苗相关麻痹性脊髓灰质炎（VAPP）病例的发生情况。
方法
对报告为口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（OPV）接种后疑似归因于疫苗接种或免疫的事件（ESAVI）的VAPP病例进行描述性研究。VAPP病例定义为急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP），粪便样本中分离出疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒，且60天后仍存在运动功能障碍。
结果
共识别出200例疑似病例，基于疫苗病毒的分离，2例确诊为VAPP（每1000万剂接种量中<1例）。与VAPP相关的风险因素包括疫苗接种计划不完整、营养不良和/或免疫缺陷。
结论
VAPP的发生罕见且与预期值相符。持续监测ESAVI和疑似VAPP病例对于支持脊髓灰质炎根除工作和确保疫苗安全至关重要。
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