Ying Meiling, Cheng Zijing, Hirth Richard A, Joynt Maddox Karen E, Li Yue
Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2025 Apr 10:7334648251333496. doi: 10.1177/07334648251333496.
This observational cohort study examined the association between Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) and hospital and skilled nursing facility (SNF) utilization among community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and older. Using four waves of longitudinal survey data from the 2016-2022 Health and Retirement Study conducted by the University of Michigan and multivariate, individual-level regressions, we found that the cognitive impairment but no dementia (CIND) and ADRD groups exhibited similar patterns in hospitalizations, hospital visits, and total hospital days compared to the normal cognition group. However, CIND was significantly associated with increased odds of SNF stays (odds ratio [OR], 1.22) and a higher number of SNF visits (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.45) than the normal cognition group. Higher odds of any SNF stay (OR, 1.26) and number of SNF visits (IRR, 1.45) were also observed for ADRD compared to normal cognition. These findings suggest that CIND or ADRD was not associated with hospital use but was significantly associated with increased SNF use.
这项观察性队列研究调查了65岁及以上社区居住老年人中阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症（ADRD）与医院和专业护理机构（SNF）使用情况之间的关联。利用密歇根大学进行的2016 - 2022年健康与退休研究的四轮纵向调查数据以及多变量个体水平回归分析，我们发现，与正常认知组相比，认知障碍但无痴呆（CIND）组和ADRD组在住院、医院就诊次数和总住院天数方面呈现出相似的模式。然而，与正常认知组相比，CIND与入住SNF的几率增加显著相关（优势比[OR]，1.22），且SNF就诊次数更多（发病率比[IRR]，1.45）。与正常认知相比，ADRD入住任何SNF的几率（OR，1.26）和SNF就诊次数（IRR，1.45）也更高。这些发现表明，CIND或ADRD与医院使用无关，但与SNF使用增加显著相关。
