Wang Shoushi, Chong Zh Yeng, Zhang Chunyang, Xu Wei
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
The Aviation Safety Research Institute, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing, China.
Depress Anxiety. 2024 Nov 29;2024:6205475. doi: 10.1155/da/6205475. eCollection 2024.
Depression and anxiety are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide, affecting individuals of all ages. The co-occurrence of these disorders often exacerbates their negative health impacts, underscoring the necessity of understanding their comorbid mechanisms. This study employed cross-lagged panel networks (CLPNs) to explore the longitudinal associations between depression and anxiety symptoms across three age groups and to compare the respective symptom networks. CLPNs were constructed through cross-temporal associations between different symptoms, reflecting both the pattern of interaction and the significance of specific symptoms in comorbidity. The sample consisted of 1258 adolescents (aged 13-19 years, = 15.98), 1118 college students (aged 17-24 years, = 19.94), and 548 older adults (aged 60-101 years, = 85.19) from China. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the subscales of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale Short Version (DASS-21) at two time points over a 6-month period during 2020-2021. The findings revealed that the prevalence of depression and anxiety in adolescents, college students, and older adults was 25.9%/46.6%, 53.7%/61.5%, and 7.2%/22.5%, respectively. The network structure varied across age groups: adolescents and college students exhibiting a tight interconnection between depression and anxiety symptoms, while older adults showed stronger small-world network characteristics. A key finding across all age groups was the central role of irrational fear. In addition, somatic anxiety symptoms frequently emerged as outcomes of other psychological symptoms. Depression and anxiety are more pronounced in college students compared to adolescents and older adults. Comparisons of the overall network structure provide insights into the lifelong trajectories of depression and anxiety symptom networks. The centrality of irrational fears and somatization symptoms is emphasized. These results offer guidance for more targeted clinical interventions.
抑郁症和焦虑症是全球最常见的精神疾病，影响着各个年龄段的人群。这些疾病的共病往往会加剧其对健康的负面影响，凸显了了解其共病机制的必要性。本研究采用交叉滞后面板网络（CLPNs）来探讨三个年龄组中抑郁症状和焦虑症状之间的纵向关联，并比较各自的症状网络。CLPNs通过不同症状之间的交叉时间关联构建而成，反映了相互作用模式以及特定症状在共病中的重要性。样本包括来自中国的1258名青少年（年龄13 - 19岁，平均年龄 = 15.98岁）、1118名大学生（年龄17 - 24岁，平均年龄 = 19.94岁）和548名老年人（年龄60 - 101岁，平均年龄 = 85.19岁）。在2020 - 2021年的6个月期间，使用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表简版（DASS - 21）的子量表在两个时间点评估抑郁和焦虑症状。研究结果显示，青少年、大学生和老年人中抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率分别为25.9%/46.6%、53.7%/61.5%和7.2%/22.5%。网络结构因年龄组而异：青少年和大学生的抑郁症状与焦虑症状之间呈现紧密的相互联系，而老年人则表现出更强的小世界网络特征。所有年龄组的一个关键发现是不合理恐惧的核心作用。此外，躯体焦虑症状经常作为其他心理症状的结果出现。与青少年和老年人相比，大学生中的抑郁和焦虑更为明显。对整体网络结构的比较为抑郁和焦虑症状网络的终生轨迹提供了见解。强调了不合理恐惧和躯体化症状的中心地位。这些结果为更有针对性的临床干预提供了指导。
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