Xia Liwei, Zhou Shun, Lian Kaiqi, Chen Shengao
College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim Research Center of Rare Fishes, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.
Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
Foods. 2025 Mar 21;14(7):1089. doi: 10.3390/foods14071089.
Channel catfish () is a widely consumed freshwater fish known for its nutritional value but is highly prone to spoilage. This study investigated the quality changes of catfish muscle tissue under refrigeration and freezing through physicochemical, metabolomic, and microbial analyses. Results revealed that sensory scores decreased significantly during storage, with frozen samples maintaining similar scores to refrigerated ones after extended periods. Protein degradation and lipid oxidation, indicated by TVB-N and TBARS levels, were more pronounced during prolonged freezing. Metabolomic profiling identified 261 differential metabolites under long-term freezing, including elevated phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, and disrupted amino acid pathways. Shifts in spoilage-associated microbial genera, such as , and the correlations between microbial genera and specific metabolites, such as with methylmalonic acid, highlighted microbial-driven spoilage processes. These findings provided a comprehensive understanding of quality deterioration during storage, guiding the development of enhanced preservation strategies for aquatic products.
斑点叉尾鮰（）是一种被广泛食用的淡水鱼，因其营养价值而闻名，但极易变质。本研究通过理化、代谢组学和微生物分析，研究了斑点叉尾鮰肌肉组织在冷藏和冷冻条件下的质量变化。结果表明，在储存过程中感官评分显著下降，冷冻样品在延长储存期后与冷藏样品保持相似的评分。由TVB-N和TBARS水平表明的蛋白质降解和脂质氧化在长时间冷冻过程中更为明显。代谢组学分析确定了长期冷冻下的261种差异代谢物，包括磷脂酰胆碱、鞘磷脂升高以及氨基酸途径紊乱。腐败相关微生物属的变化，如，以及微生物属与特定代谢物之间的相关性，如与甲基丙二酸的相关性，突出了微生物驱动的腐败过程。这些发现为储存期间的质量劣化提供了全面的理解，指导了水产品强化保鲜策略的开发。
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