Haskey Natasha, Ye Jiayu, Josephson Jessica, Raman Maitreyi, Ghosh Sanjoy, Gibson Deanna L
Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
Gastro Hep Adv. 2024 Dec 31;4(4):100606. doi: 10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100606. eCollection 2025.
The Mediterranean diet pattern (MDP) is associated with health-associated gut microbes and metabolites. However, the impact of the MDP on the fecal metabolome in ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. We characterized the fecal metabolome of patients with UC with high adherence to the MDP compared to the Canadian habitual diet (CHD). Furthermore, we explored potential differences in the fecal metabolome between dietary responders and nonresponders to the MDP.
Utilizing untargeted metabolomics on a subset of fecal samples obtained from a randomized controlled trial, adult patients with quiescent UC underwent a 12-week intervention following either the MDP (n = 8) or CHD (n = 8). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to profile endogenous fecal metabolites, while 16S amplicon sequencing was utilized to profile the fecal microbiota.
A total of 701 human metabolites were detected, with 35 exhibiting significant differential expression between the MDP and CHD groups. Noteworthy, folate biosynthesis, sphingolipid biosynthesis, and steroid biosynthesis were identified as major pathways affected. Moreover, microbial analysis showed that individuals with increased levels of the class Bacteroidia ( [], . , . ) in their stool at baseline were more likely to respond to the MDP.
High adherence to an MDP is associated with beneficial metabolite changes associated with reducing inflammation in UC. In addition, fiber-degrading microbes abundant before dietary intervention played a role in the responsiveness to the MDP. This work lays the groundwork for developing a metabolic signature associated with the MDP to develop personalized nutrition strategies for UC prevention and treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov Number: NCT03053713.
地中海饮食模式（MDP）与健康相关的肠道微生物和代谢产物有关。然而，MDP对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者粪便代谢组的影响仍不清楚。我们比较了与加拿大习惯饮食（CHD）相比，高度遵循MDP的UC患者的粪便代谢组特征。此外，我们还探讨了MDP饮食反应者和无反应者之间粪便代谢组的潜在差异。
利用一项随机对照试验中部分粪便样本进行非靶向代谢组学研究，成年静止期UC患者分别接受12周的MDP（n = 8）或CHD（n = 8）干预。采用液相色谱-串联质谱法分析粪便内源性代谢产物，同时利用16S扩增子测序分析粪便微生物群。
共检测到701种人体代谢产物，其中35种在MDP组和CHD组之间表现出显著差异表达。值得注意的是，叶酸生物合成、鞘脂生物合成和类固醇生物合成被确定为受影响的主要途径。此外，微生物分析表明，基线时粪便中拟杆菌纲（[]，.，.）水平升高的个体对MDP更可能有反应。
高度遵循MDP与UC中与减轻炎症相关的有益代谢产物变化有关。此外，饮食干预前丰富的纤维降解微生物在对MDP的反应中起作用。这项工作为开发与MDP相关的代谢特征奠定了基础，以制定预防和治疗UC的个性化营养策略。临床试验注册号：NCT03053713。
