Infection-related adverse events comparison of bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib: a pharmacovigilance study based on FAERS.

BACKGROUND

Bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib are the most common proteasome inhibitors (PIs) used to treat Multiple Myeloma (MM). We conducted a pharmacovigilance analysis using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), aiming to offer a reference for safe and reasonable clinical use.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) signals of bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib were analyzed by statistical methods including Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratios (PRR), and Multi-item Gamma-Poisson Shrinker (MGPS).

RESULTS

A total of 13,977, 8263 and 13296 ADRs of bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib were analyzed respectively from the FAERS database. The most frequent adverse reaction signal for bortezomib was peripheral neuropathy; for carfilzomib, it was acute kidney injury; for ixazomib, it was vomiting. Then, a total of 43, 23 and 10 infection-related adverse events of bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib were analyzed. The most common infection-related adverse event for bortezomib was cytomegalovirus infection; for carfilzomib, it was bacteremia; and for ixazomib, it was conjunctivitis.

CONCLUSIONS

In real-world pharmacovigilance studies, PIs are associated with infection-related adverse events, which is crucial for the safe use of PIs in the treatment of MM. However, further research is needed to validate the hypotheses generated in this study.