Klausner Michelle S, Greenberg Caylee A, Noruzi Kaleb A, Tiwari Raj K, Geliebter Jan
School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, and Department of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 21;26(7):2833. doi: 10.3390/ijms26072833.
Thyroid Cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer, of which papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), a well-differentiated type of TC, accounts for 80-90%. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which comprise non-protein-coding segments of the genome, have been found to play a crucial role in various biological processes, including cancer development. The activity of lncRNAs is modified through epigenetic modifications, with N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) modifications implicated in the progression of several malignancies. The activity of m6A is further regulated by modifying enzymes classified as "readers", writers", and "erasers", of which specific enzymes have been found to play a role in various aspects of PTC. Recent research has highlighted the significance of m6A modification in regulating the expression and function of lncRNAs associated with PTC pathogenesis. Dysregulation of this process implicates tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, with subsequent impact on prognosis. Therefore, understanding the interplay between m6A modification and lncRNAs provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PTC progression. This narrative review aims to explore the established role of several prominent m6A modifying enzymes and lncRNAs on cancer pathogenesis and seeks to clarify the function of these enzymes in PTC pathogenesis.
甲状腺癌(TC)是最常见的内分泌癌,其中分化良好的甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)占TC的80-90%。长链非编码RNA(lncRNAs)由基因组中的非蛋白质编码片段组成,已发现其在包括癌症发展在内的各种生物过程中起关键作用。lncRNAs的活性通过表观遗传修饰进行调节,N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)修饰与几种恶性肿瘤的进展有关。m6A的活性进一步由分类为“读取器”“写入器”和“擦除器”的修饰酶调节,已发现其中特定酶在PTC的各个方面发挥作用。最近的研究强调了m6A修饰在调节与PTC发病机制相关的lncRNAs的表达和功能方面的重要性。这一过程的失调与肿瘤增殖、侵袭和转移有关,进而影响预后。因此,了解m6A修饰与lncRNAs之间的相互作用有助于深入了解PTC进展的分子机制。本叙述性综述旨在探讨几种突出的m6A修饰酶和lncRNAs在癌症发病机制中的既定作用,并试图阐明这些酶在PTC发病机制中的功能。