Scifres Christina M, Cleary Erin M, Sheerer Madilyn, Bowdler Marissa, Shah Viral N
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Indiana University Health System, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2025 Apr 17:19322968251334597. doi: 10.1177/19322968251334597.
Achieving pregnancy-specific glucose targets is difficult in pregnant individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and the rates of complications for mothers and their infants remain high. Currently marketed automated insulin delivery (AID) systems are hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems in which basal insulin delivery (with or without automated correction boluses) is driven by algorithms, and users are required to initiate meal boluses. For non-pregnant people with T1D, HCL therapy has established benefits for glycemic outcomes and quality of life. While none of the currently available HCL systems were designed for pregnancy-specific glucose targets and outcomes, preliminary data suggest that the use of HCL systems may result in improved glycemia during pregnancy. There is an accumulating body of literature examining HCL systems in pregnancy, although there are still limited data regarding the impact of HCL systems on perinatal outcomes. Many individuals conceive while using clinically available HCL systems and may be hesitant to discontinue use during pregnancy, and clinicians may consider HCL therapy for pregnant individuals who are struggling to meet recommended glycemic levels during pregnancy. We therefore offer guidance on how to counsel patients on the risks and benefits of HCL therapy in pregnancy, how to identify appropriate candidates for HCL therapy in pregnancy, and how to manage commercially available HCL systems off-label throughout gestation.
对于患有1型糖尿病(T1D)的孕妇来说,实现特定于妊娠的血糖目标很困难,母亲及其婴儿的并发症发生率仍然很高。目前市面上销售的自动胰岛素输送(AID)系统是混合闭环(HCL)系统,其中基础胰岛素输送(有或没有自动校正大剂量胰岛素)由算法驱动,用户需要自行启动餐时大剂量胰岛素注射。对于非妊娠的T1D患者,HCL疗法已被证实对血糖控制和生活质量有益。虽然目前可用的HCL系统都不是为特定于妊娠的血糖目标和结果而设计的,但初步数据表明,使用HCL系统可能会改善孕期血糖水平。尽管关于HCL系统对围产期结局影响的数据仍然有限,但已有越来越多的文献研究孕期使用HCL系统的情况。许多人在使用临床可用的HCL系统时怀孕,可能会犹豫在孕期是否要停止使用,临床医生可能会考虑为孕期难以达到推荐血糖水平的孕妇提供HCL治疗。因此,我们提供有关如何就孕期HCL治疗的风险和益处向患者提供咨询、如何识别孕期HCL治疗的合适候选人以及如何在整个妊娠期非标签使用市售HCL系统的指导意见。