Del Duca Fabio, Treglia Michele, La Russa Raffaele, De Simone Stefania, Cipolloni Luigi, Maiese Aniello, Frati Paola
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00161 Rome, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 2;26(7):3317. doi: 10.3390/ijms26073317.
The pathological mechanisms underlying the ligature mark in hanging involve the skin layers and an ischemic mechanism. The apoptotic process develops whenever ischemic mechanisms affect the dermal and epidermal layers. Effector caspase-3 appears to play a crucial role in both acute and chronic pressure-induced skin ischemia. The aim of this study is to identify the role of caspase-3 as a marker of supravitality in the diagnosis of premortem hanging. Skin samples from ligature marks in hanging cases were collected to investigate this apoptotic process. The caspase-3 levels in compressed skin were significantly higher compared to those found in healthy skin ( < 0.005). The apoptotic process in ischemic epidermal cells begins with stable mechanical stress, as seen in the hanging model. Caspase-3 expression seems to vary from minutes after the initial stress input. Caspase-3 activation is an ATP-dependent process and can only occur if the victim was alive before the pressure was applied. Caspase-3 is a reliable marker of supravitality in ligature marks in premortem hanging cases.
缢吊中勒痕的病理机制涉及皮肤各层及缺血机制。每当缺血机制影响真皮层和表皮层时，凋亡过程就会发生。效应半胱天冬酶 -3似乎在急性和慢性压力诱导的皮肤缺血中都起着关键作用。本研究的目的是确定半胱天冬酶 -3作为生前缢吊诊断中超活力标志物的作用。收集缢吊案例中勒痕处的皮肤样本以研究这一凋亡过程。与健康皮肤相比，受压皮肤中的半胱天冬酶 -3水平显著更高（<0.005）。如在缢吊模型中所见，缺血表皮细胞中的凋亡过程始于稳定的机械应力。半胱天冬酶 -3的表达似乎在初始压力输入后的数分钟内就会发生变化。半胱天冬酶 -3的激活是一个依赖ATP的过程，并且只有在施加压力之前受害者还活着时才会发生。在生前缢吊案例的勒痕中，半胱天冬酶 -3是超活力的可靠标志物。
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