Blackburn G L, Gibbons G W, Bothe A, Benotti P N, Harken D E, McEnany T M
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1977 Apr;73(4):489-96.
A nutritional survey of 350 hospital patients reveals 50 with cardiac disease who had clinically significant protein-calorie malnutrition. Assessment criteria of malnutrition (per cent normal) included triceps skin fold (52 per cent), arm muscle circumference (88 per cent), and impaired delayed hypersensitivity skin testing (i.e., deficiency in cell-mediated immunity), the latter frequently observed in patients with concurrent weight loss. The functional category of cardiac status was not precise in predictin the morbidity and mortality of 14 patients undergoing cardiac valvuloplasty. By contrast, a nutritional/metabolic profile using weight loss, triceps skin fold (35 per cent), arm muscle circumference (27 per cent), and cell-mediated immunity (29 per cent) did identify high-risk patients who could be expected to benefit by concurrent nutritional support (4/4). Further studies are indicated to determine if nutritional support for cardiac cachexia can reduce the levels of morbidity and mortality during mitral and tricuspid valve surgery.
对350名住院患者进行的营养调查显示，50名患有心脏病的患者存在具有临床意义的蛋白质 - 热量营养不良。营养不良的评估标准（正常百分比）包括肱三头肌皮褶厚度（52%）、上臂肌肉周长（88%）以及迟发型超敏皮肤试验受损（即细胞介导免疫功能缺陷），后者在同时伴有体重减轻的患者中经常观察到。心脏功能状态的功能类别在预测14名接受心脏瓣膜成形术患者的发病率和死亡率方面并不准确。相比之下，使用体重减轻、肱三头肌皮褶厚度（35%）、上臂肌肉周长（27%）和细胞介导免疫（29%）的营养/代谢概况确实识别出了有望通过同时进行营养支持而获益的高危患者（4/4）。需要进一步研究以确定对心脏恶病质的营养支持是否可以降低二尖瓣和三尖瓣手术期间的发病率和死亡率。
