Yan Yaqian, Yang Chunlin, Zeng Qian, Wang Feihu, Sun Qirong, Liu Lijuan, Xu Xiulan, Liu Yinggao
College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 20;15(1):13634. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97389-2.
Oil tea (Camellia oleifera), as one of the four major woody oilseed crops, possesses considerable economic and medicinal significance. The distinctive geographical and climatic conditions of Sichuan Province provide an ideal environment for the growth of C. oleifera, making it a major hub for the C. oleifera industry. However, in recent years, it has suffered severe fungal disease outbreaks, particularly those caused by Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis, which infect a wide range of hosts. From August 2023 to May 2024, a comprehensive survey of 66.67 hectares of Camellia oleifera plantations in Sichuan was conducted to identify fungal pathogens. By integrating morphological characterization and phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α), and beta-tubulin (tub2) genes, three pestalotioid species were identified. Among these, N. folii was identified as a novel pathogenic fungus. Furthermore, two new host records were established for P. trachycarpicola and P. hispanica on C. oleifera. Pathogenicity tests following Koch's postulates confirmed strain virulence and revealed variations in pathogenic effects. This study formally recognizes N. folii as a novel species, enhancing current knowledge of pestalotioid fungi associated with C. oleifera.
油茶（Camellia oleifera）作为四大木本油料作物之一，具有重要的经济和药用价值。四川省独特的地理和气候条件为油茶的生长提供了理想环境，使其成为油茶产业的主要中心。然而，近年来，油茶遭受了严重的真菌病害爆发，尤其是由盘多毛孢属（Pestalotiopsis）和新盘多毛孢属（Neopestalotiopsis）引起的病害，这些病害感染多种寄主。2023年8月至2024年5月，对四川66.67公顷的油茶种植园进行了全面调查，以鉴定真菌病原体。通过整合形态学特征以及对内部转录间隔区（ITS）、翻译延伸因子1-α（tef1-α）和β-微管蛋白（tub2）基因的系统发育分析，鉴定出三种盘多毛孢属真菌。其中，N. folii被鉴定为一种新的致病真菌。此外，还确立了棕榈盘多毛孢（P. trachycarpicola）和西班牙盘多毛孢（P. hispanica）在油茶上的两个新寄主记录。按照科赫法则进行的致病性测试证实了菌株的毒力，并揭示了致病效果的差异。本研究正式确认N. folii为一个新物种，增进了我们对与油茶相关的盘多毛孢属真菌的现有认识。
