Mattes J A
Am J Psychiatry. 1985 Sep;142(9):1108-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.142.9.1108.
Metoprolol, a selective beta 1-adrenoreceptor blocker, was administered to two patients with intermittent explosive disorder who had not done well with previous medications, including propranolol and carbamazepine. Both patients improved dramatically, suggesting clinical and theoretical relevance.