Gutiérrez-Benicio Glenda Margarita, Aguirre-Mancilla César Leobardo, Arreola-Tostado Jesús Manuel, Aguado-Santacruz Gerardo Armando
Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Roque, Km 8 Carretera Celaya-Juventino Rosas, Celaya 38110, Guanajuato, Mexico.
BIOqualitum, Oriente 7 # 158, Ciudad Industrial, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2025 Mar 31;13(4):797. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040797.
The efficiency and consistency of biologicals in the field remain a drawback of current conventional products. The development of systemic biological products has opened a new avenue for microbiological and agricultural research. In this study, we evaluated over a two-year period (2022 and 2023) the functioning of two systemic products, a biofertilizer and biofungicide, on the performance of the onion. The first indicator of proper functioning of these products in onions was reflected in increased chlorophyll accumulation. At the end of both years, the inoculated plants were taller, heavier, and developed more leaves than their control counterparts ( < 0.5). Inoculated onion bulbs collected at harvest time were significantly heavier (45.1% in 2022 and 56.2% in 2023) than their non-inoculated counterparts ( < 0.5). Onion quality, expressed in terms of total soluble solids and pyruvic acid content, was also significantly improved in plants inoculated with the biological products; the two-year average values for these quality variables were 10.2 vs. 14.4°Brix and 2.3 vs. 4.0 µmol∙g for control and biologically treated plants, respectively. The two-year average fungal incidence was 1.9 times greater in the control group than in the inoculated plants, while the average onion yield for this period was 44.7% higher ( < 0.5) in the biologically treated plot (54.7 t∙ha) than in the control one (37.8 t∙ha). Based on comparisons with previous studies employing conventional biologicals, our results demonstrate the superior effectiveness of the systemic biologicas in improving onion performance.
生物制品在实际应用中的效率和一致性仍是当前传统产品的一个缺点。系统性生物制品的开发为微生物学和农业研究开辟了一条新途径。在本研究中，我们在两年时间（2022年和2023年）内评估了两种系统性产品（一种生物肥料和一种生物杀菌剂）对洋葱生长性能的影响。这些产品在洋葱中正常发挥作用的首要指标体现在叶绿素积累增加上。在这两年结束时，接种的植株比未接种的对照植株更高、更重，且叶片更多（P<0.5）。收获时采集的接种洋葱鳞茎明显比未接种的重（2022年为45.1%，2023年为56.2%）（P<0.5）。用总可溶性固形物和丙酮酸含量表示的洋葱品质，在接种生物制品的植株中也有显著改善；对照植株和经生物处理植株的这两个品质变量的两年平均值分别为10.2°Brix对14.4°Brix以及2.3 μmol∙g对4.0 μmol∙g。对照组的两年平均真菌发病率比接种植株高1.9倍，而在此期间，生物处理地块（54.7 t∙ha）的洋葱平均产量比对照地块（37.8 t∙ha）高44.7%（P<0.5）。基于与以往使用传统生物制品的研究比较，我们的结果表明系统性生物制品在改善洋葱生长性能方面具有卓越的有效性。
