Zhang Shuxia, Tang Jing, Liu Liqi, Wei Hejiang, Xin Li, Xiao Kang, Xiao Jinbo, Dong Jie, Li Zi, Bai Hongyan, Wang Shuaixing, Zhu Wenfei, Yang Lei, Zou Shumei, Wang Dayan
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Viruses. 2025 Apr 8;17(4):544. doi: 10.3390/v17040544.
Multiple subtypes of avian influenza virus (AIV), including H5N1, H5N6, and H5N8 viruses, are currently co-circulating in wild birds and poultry and causing sporadic human infections. Vaccine development is essential for pandemic preparedness. In this study, we constructed a candidate vaccine virus (CVV) using reverse genetics (RG) based on the sequence of the first human-infected H5N8 subtype AIV, A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8). We evaluated the immunogenicity of the rH5N8/PR8 vaccine strain in combination with Alum, ISA51, and MF59 adjuvants, and we optimized immunization strategies including dosage, administration route, and immunization interval in BALB/c mice. Our results demonstrated that a 10 μg dose of inactivated rH5N8/PR8 with MF59 adjuvant, administered intramuscularly twice at 7-day intervals, induced the strongest immune response and effectively protected mice against challenge with wild-type H5N8 AIVs. Since pandemic influenza vaccines typically require tailored vaccination doses and routes specific to their characteristics, this study provides valuable insights for the development of similar vaccine strains with pandemic potential.
多种亚型的禽流感病毒（AIV），包括H5N1、H5N6和H5N8病毒，目前正在野生鸟类和家禽中共同传播，并导致散发性人类感染。疫苗研发对于大流行防范至关重要。在本研究中，我们基于首例人类感染的H5N8亚型AIV，即A/阿斯特拉罕/3212/2020（H5N8）的序列，利用反向遗传学（RG）构建了一种候选疫苗病毒（CVV）。我们评估了rH5N8/PR8疫苗株与铝佐剂、ISA51和MF59佐剂联合使用时的免疫原性，并在BALB/c小鼠中优化了免疫策略，包括剂量、给药途径和免疫间隔。我们的结果表明，10μg剂量的灭活rH5N8/PR8与MF59佐剂联合，每隔7天肌肉注射两次，可诱导最强的免疫反应，并有效保护小鼠免受野生型H5N8 AIVs的攻击。由于大流行性流感疫苗通常需要根据其特性定制接种剂量和途径，本研究为开发具有大流行潜力的类似疫苗株提供了有价值的见解。
