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波兰5至6岁儿童乳牙龋齿的相关因素

Factors Associated With Dental Caries in Primary Teeth of 5- and 6-Year-Old Polish Children.

作者信息

Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota, Studnicki Marcin, Turska-Szybka Anna

机构信息

Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Department of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.

出版信息

Int J Paediatr Dent. 2025 Sep;35(5):1003-1011. doi: 10.1111/ipd.13316. Epub 2025 Apr 27.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Caries in primary teeth remain a common health issue.

AIM

To identify oral health behaviours which significantly affect dental caries in children aged 5-6 years.

DESIGN

A national cross-sectional study of 1892 children integrated dental examinations and a questionnaire regarding socio-economic factors and oral health habits. Caries indices were calculated. The analyses included t- and chi-square tests, Spearman's correlation, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

The majority of children (79.3%) had caries; mean dmft was 4.68 ± 4.05; dmfs-9.12 ± 10.74 and ft/ft. + dt-0.20 ± 0.31. There were correlations between mother's education, her knowledge of oral health, financial burden, the frequency of dental appointments and the treatment (p < 0.001). The dmft indices were correlated with postponing dental appointments and presenting with pain. The association between the treatment index, oral hygiene habits (parental-supervised toothbrushing twice a day, using fluoridated toothpaste) and dietary practices (restrictions of sugar intake, fruit juices and starchy foodstuffs) was found, even after socio-economic confounding factors were introduced.

CONCLUSION

The first years of a child's life are a period when the foundations of adult lifestyle choices are shaped. Parents should be aware of the importance of dental visits, nutritional counselling and proper oral care. The assessment of risk factors related to families is indispensable when prophylactic programmes are implemented.

摘要

背景

乳牙龋齿仍然是一个常见的健康问题。

目的

确定对5至6岁儿童龋齿有显著影响的口腔健康行为。

设计

一项针对1892名儿童的全国性横断面研究,综合了牙科检查以及一份关于社会经济因素和口腔健康习惯的问卷。计算了龋齿指数。分析包括t检验和卡方检验、Spearman相关性分析、双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析(p < 0.05)。

结果

大多数儿童(79.3%)患有龋齿;平均dmft为4.68 ± 4.05;dmfs为9.12 ± 10.74,ft/ft.+dt为0.20 ± 0.31。母亲的教育程度、她对口腔健康的了解、经济负担、看牙频率和治疗情况之间存在相关性(p < 0.001)。dmft指数与推迟看牙和出现疼痛有关。即使引入了社会经济混杂因素,仍发现治疗指数、口腔卫生习惯(父母监督每天刷牙两次,使用含氟牙膏)和饮食习惯(限制糖摄入、果汁和淀粉类食物)之间存在关联。

结论

儿童生命的最初几年是形成成人生活方式选择基础的时期。父母应该意识到看牙、营养咨询和正确口腔护理的重要性。在实施预防计划时,对与家庭相关的风险因素进行评估是必不可少的。

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