Wang Lei, Yang Tianliang, Wang Tianyue, Wang Chengyi, Li Ningyang, Li Xiao-Ming
Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province, Hainan Aerospace Information Research Institute, Sanya 572029, China.
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Mar 10;25(6):1710. doi: 10.3390/s25061710.
Acquiring high-quality images from space at low-latitude areas is challenging due to the orbital requirements of the satellites and the frequent cloud coverage. To address this issue, a low-latitude remote sensing satellite constellation-the Hainan Satellite Constellation (HSC)-was conceived with a spatial coverage-priority concept. This constellation integrates sensors with multispectral, hyperspectral, radar, and Automatic Identification System (AIS) capabilities for marine vessels with an onboard image processing technology. The design is tailored to the tropical/subtropical region. Once HSC becomes fully operational, it will provide high-frequency coverage in low-latitude regions, with a primary focus on ocean observations. The first four optical satellites (HN-1 01/02 and WC-1 01/02) were successfully launched in February 2022. They boast unique application characteristics, including satellite networking for ocean observations over large areas, onboard image processing and modeling for ship detection, as well as the synergy of onboard sensors with optical and ship AIS capabilities. This study focuses on the technical design and proposes implementation strategies for HSC, encompassing its technical characteristics, composition, and capacity. Additionally, it explores the construction of this satellite constellation and its uses while providing insights into potential follow-up satellites.
由于卫星的轨道要求以及频繁的云层覆盖，在低纬度地区从太空获取高质量图像具有挑战性。为了解决这个问题，一个低纬度遥感卫星星座——海南卫星星座（HSC）——被构想出来，它采用了空间覆盖优先的概念。这个星座集成了具有多光谱、高光谱、雷达和船舶自动识别系统（AIS）能力的传感器，并配备了机载图像处理技术。该设计是针对热带/亚热带地区量身定制的。一旦HSC全面投入运行，它将在低纬度地区提供高频覆盖，主要侧重于海洋观测。首批四颗光学卫星（HN-1 01/02和WC-1 01/02）于2022年2月成功发射。它们具有独特的应用特点，包括用于大面积海洋观测的卫星组网、用于船舶检测的机载图像处理和建模，以及机载传感器与光学和船舶AIS能力的协同作用。本研究重点关注HSC的技术设计并提出实施策略，包括其技术特点、组成和能力。此外，它还探讨了这个卫星星座的构建及其用途，同时对潜在的后续卫星提供见解。
