Draghmeh Khaled, Fuehrlein Brian
Department of Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
J Integr Neurosci. 2025 Apr 24;24(4):26361. doi: 10.31083/JIN26361.
The prevalence and rising use of alcohol, opioids, and stimulants have led to substance use disorders (SUDs) that are a significant public health challenge. Traditional treatments offer some benefit; however, they often limited by efficacy, side effects, and accessibility, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutics. This review explores the current literature surrounding three different classes of novel treatments: glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) antagonists, and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonists. These therapeutics collectively target different aspects of the addiction process, such as stress and relapse prevention, reward modulation, and the reduction of drug-seeking behavior, leading to a combined multifaceted approach to treating SUDs. This review includes preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the use of these therapies, highlighting their potential to reduce substance use and prevent relapse to alcohol, opioid, and stimulant use. Despite the potentially promising findings of these treatments, further research is necessary to fully understand their mechanisms, optimize their application, and confirm their efficacy in clinical settings.
酒精、阿片类药物和兴奋剂的流行率不断上升，导致物质使用障碍（SUDs）成为一项重大的公共卫生挑战。传统治疗方法有一定益处；然而，它们常常受到疗效、副作用和可及性的限制，凸显了对新型治疗方法的迫切需求。本综述探讨了围绕三类不同新型治疗方法的现有文献：胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）受体激动剂、多巴胺D3受体（D3R）拮抗剂和促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）拮抗剂。这些治疗方法共同针对成瘾过程的不同方面，如应激和预防复发、奖赏调节以及减少觅药行为，从而形成一种综合多方面的方法来治疗物质使用障碍。本综述包括支持使用这些疗法的临床前和临床证据，突出了它们在减少物质使用以及预防复饮酒精、阿片类药物和兴奋剂方面的潜力。尽管这些治疗方法有潜在的令人鼓舞的发现，但仍需要进一步研究以全面了解其机制、优化其应用并在临床环境中确认其疗效。
