Afkhami Shokofeh, Asadi Farkhondeh, Emami Hassan, Sabahi Azam
School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Department of Health Information Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 28;8(5):e70681. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70681. eCollection 2025 May.
In the elderly population, the prevalence of chronic diseases and the necessity for supportive and medication treatments are increasing, making medication adherence a crucial factor in enhancing their quality of life.
This study conducted a comprehensive descriptive-analytical survey on older adults aged over 65 with chronic diseases, who were visiting a specialized diabetes clinic in YAZD in 2023. The clinic provides treatment for elderly diabetic patients as well as those with chronic diseases resulting from or concurrent with diabetes, managed by internal medicine specialists and endocrinologists. The participants had been taking medication for more than 6 months and were suffering from chronic conditions such as asthma, hypertension, diabetes, chronic cardiovascular disease, liver cirrhosis, stroke, and vascular heart disease, with normal cognitive function. Medication adherence was assessed to determine the level of adherence. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, utilizing logistic regression.
A total of 196 participants took part in the study. The average medication knowledge score was 14.7 ± 3.5, the average depression score was 8.1 ± 2.4, the average health literacy score was 7.5 ± 1.6, and the average self-efficacy score was 29.1 ± 5. Logistic regression analysis revealed that more than half of the participants (58.7%) lacked medication adherence. The analysis also indicated that the presence of a spouse had a significant effect on medication adherence (-value = 0.038), along with health literacy (-value = 0.002) and self-efficacy (-value = 0.000), which had the most significant impact on medication adherence.
The findings suggest that self-efficacy, health literacy, and the presence of a spouse are crucial factors influencing medication adherence in older adults with chronic diseases. These factors can shape the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of older adults regarding medication adherence and affect their health outcomes and quality of life. Therefore, interventions aimed at improving medication adherence in this population should consider these factors and attention to the specific needs and preferences of older adults and their spouses or family members.
在老年人群中，慢性病的患病率以及支持性治疗和药物治疗的必要性不断增加，使药物依从性成为提高他们生活质量的关键因素。
本研究对2023年前往亚兹德一家专业糖尿病诊所就诊的65岁以上患有慢性病的老年人进行了全面的描述性分析调查。该诊所为由内科专家和内分泌学家管理的老年糖尿病患者以及由糖尿病引起或并发慢性病的患者提供治疗。参与者服药超过6个月，患有哮喘、高血压、糖尿病、慢性心血管疾病、肝硬化、中风和血管性心脏病等慢性病，认知功能正常。评估药物依从性以确定依从水平。使用SPSS 20.0版进行数据分析，采用逻辑回归。
共有196名参与者参与了该研究。平均药物知识得分为14.7±3.5，平均抑郁得分为8.1±2.4，平均健康素养得分为7.5±1.6，平均自我效能得分为29.1±5。逻辑回归分析显示，超过一半的参与者（58.7%）缺乏药物依从性。分析还表明，配偶的存在对药物依从性有显著影响（P值=0.038），健康素养（P值=0.002）和自我效能（P值=0.000）对药物依从性影响最大。
研究结果表明，自我效能、健康素养以及配偶的存在是影响患有慢性病的老年人药物依从性的关键因素。这些因素可以塑造老年人对药物依从性的信念、态度和行为，并影响他们的健康结果和生活质量。因此，旨在提高该人群药物依从性的干预措施应考虑这些因素，并关注老年人及其配偶或家庭成员的具体需求和偏好。
