Kovačić Petrović Zrnka, Peraica Tina, Blažev Mirta, Barac Furtinger Vesna, Kozarić-Kovačić Dragica
Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine University of Zagreb School of Medicine Zagreb Croatia.
Department of Addiction University Hospital Vrapče Zagreb Croatia.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 May 5;8(5):e70786. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70786. eCollection 2025 May.
Many studies investigated the prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety among dentists. This systematic review aimed to determine: (i) the prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms, (ii) the prevalence rates of depression and anxiety before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (iii) gender difference in prevalence of depression and anxiety among dentists.
Eligible articles on depression and anxiety in dentists were systematically searched for in PubMed and Scopus databases from September 2023 to October 2023 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis protocol. We assessed the methodological quality of the studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment checklist adapted for cross-sectional studies. Statistical heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using Cochran's test and statistic. The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety were calculated using the random-effect model with the Restricted Maximum-Likelihood estimator. Of 3762 searched articles, 33 articles were analyzed.
The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety symptoms among dentists were 42% and 44%, respectively. The prevalence rates of mild, moderate, and severe or extremely severe depression were 20%, 18%, and 8%, respectively. For mild, moderate, and severe or extremely severe anxiety, the respective prevalence rates were 21%, 18%, and 11%. We did not find evidence to suggest differences in depression or anxiety prevalence rates between the periods before and during COVID-19. In comparison with men, women showed approximately 27% higher risk of experiencing depression and 24% higher risk of experiencing anxiety.
Equally high levels of depression and anxiety in dentists were found both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a significant percentage of moderate to severe depression and anxiety. Female dentists reported a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms than their male colleagues.
许多研究调查了牙医群体中抑郁和焦虑的患病率及严重程度。本系统评价旨在确定：（i）抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率及严重程度；（ii）2019冠状病毒病（COVID - 19）大流行之前及期间抑郁和焦虑的患病率；（iii）牙医群体中抑郁和焦虑患病率的性别差异。
根据系统评价与荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方案，于2023年9月至2023年10月在PubMed和Scopus数据库中系统检索有关牙医抑郁和焦虑的合格文章。我们使用适用于横断面研究的纽卡斯尔 - 渥太华质量评估清单评估研究的方法学质量。使用 Cochr an检验和I²统计量评估各研究间的统计异质性。采用限制最大似然估计的随机效应模型计算抑郁和焦虑的患病率。在检索到的3762篇文章中，对33篇文章进行了分析。
牙医中抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率分别为42%和44%。轻度、中度以及重度或极重度抑郁的患病率分别为20%、18%和8%。对于轻度、中度以及重度或极重度焦虑，相应的患病率分别为21%、18%和11%。我们未发现证据表明COVID - 19之前和期间抑郁或焦虑患病率存在差异。与男性相比，女性患抑郁的风险高出约27%，患焦虑的风险高出24%。
在COVID - 19大流行之前和期间，均发现牙医群体中抑郁和焦虑水平同样较高，且有相当比例为中度至重度抑郁和焦虑。女牙医报告的抑郁和焦虑症状患病率高于男同事。
