Zimmermann Fernanda Burger, Zimmermann Sérgio Luiz, Zimmermann Marcelo Burger, Beraldi Enrico Klug, Rocha Mateus Campanelli Franco da, Zabot Bruno Pereira de Oliveira, Starke Siegmar, Helena Ernani Tiaraju de Santa, Markus Marcello Ricardo Paulista
Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Blumenau, SC - Brasil.
Hospital Santa Isabel Blumenau, Blumenau, SC - Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2025 Apr;122(3):e20240546. doi: 10.36660/abc.20240546.
Atherosclerotic disease is a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population, and it is important to detect factors that can influence its prevention.
To evaluate the association of cardiovascular risk factors with carotid plaques in participants of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) - Brazil.
A total of 1,953 participants were assessed for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, obesity, smoking and physical inactivity) and sociodemographic variables (gender, age group, Germanic culture, color/race self-declared, and alcohol consumption), waist circumference measurement, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio. The presence of carotid plaques was analyzed by ultrasound. The association between the study variables and carotid plaques was assessed using the Chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Plaques were present in 56.5% of hypertensive patients (p<0.001), 49.8% of dyslipidemic patients (p<0.001), 62% of diabetic patients (p<0.001), 52% of smokers, 29% of those who had never smoked (p<0.001), 39.5% of sedentary people and 33.1% of non-sedentary people (p=0.014), 43.7% of obese people and 26.1% of eutrophic people (p<0.001).
Carotid plaques were prevalent in men, aged between 60 and 79, white, hypertensive, dyslipidemic, diabetic, smokers, sedentary and obese, illiterate, in economic class A1/A2, and of Germanic culture, and low alcohol consumption.
动脉粥样硬化疾病是普通人群发病和死亡的一个相关原因，检测能够影响其预防的因素很重要。
评估巴西波美拉尼亚健康研究（SHIP）参与者中心血管危险因素与颈动脉斑块的关联。
共对1953名参与者进行了评估，包括心血管危险因素（高血压、血脂异常、2型糖尿病、肥胖、吸烟和身体活动不足）和社会人口学变量（性别、年龄组、日耳曼文化、自我申报的肤色/种族以及饮酒情况）、腰围测量、腰臀比和腰高比。通过超声分析颈动脉斑块的存在情况。使用卡方检验评估研究变量与颈动脉斑块之间的关联。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
56.5%的高血压患者存在斑块（p<0.001），49.8%的血脂异常患者存在斑块（p<0.001），62%的糖尿病患者存在斑块（p<0.001），52%的吸烟者存在斑块，29%的从不吸烟者存在斑块（p<0.001），39.5%的久坐者存在斑块，33.1%的非久坐者存在斑块（p=0.014），43.7%的肥胖者存在斑块，26.1%的营养正常者存在斑块（p<0.001）。
颈动脉斑块在年龄60至79岁、白人、患有高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、吸烟、久坐且肥胖、文盲、经济阶层为A1/A2、具有日耳曼文化且饮酒量低的男性中普遍存在。
