Abudureheman Dilixiati, Janaerbieke Shuake, Song Yuhang, Han Shuo, Yimaer Wufuer, Wang Huguo
Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, China,
Gastroenterology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, China.
Cardiology. 2025 May 10:1-20. doi: 10.1159/000546190.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a serious cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. The role of gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in AAA pathogenesis has attracted increasing attention.
This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms by which TMAO promotes AAA development, including inflammatory activation, apoptosis induction, and extracellular matrix degradation. TMAO interacts with risk factors such as atherosclerosis and hypertension through pathways involving NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Intervention strategies targeting dietary precursors, gut microbiota, and key enzymes are critically evaluated.
TMAO serves as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target for AAA. Future research should prioritize personalized dietary interventions and novel TMAO inhibitors to bridge translational gaps.
腹主动脉瘤（AAA）是一种严重的心血管疾病，发病率和死亡率都很高。肠道微生物群衍生的代谢产物氧化三甲胺（TMAO）在AAA发病机制中的作用已引起越来越多的关注。
本综述系统地总结了TMAO促进AAA发展的机制，包括炎症激活、诱导细胞凋亡和细胞外基质降解。TMAO通过涉及核因子κB（NF-κB）、NLRP3炎性小体和内质网应激的途径与动脉粥样硬化和高血压等危险因素相互作用。对针对饮食前体、肠道微生物群和关键酶的干预策略进行了严格评估。
TMAO既是AAA的生物标志物，也是治疗靶点。未来的研究应优先考虑个性化饮食干预和新型TMAO抑制剂，以弥合转化差距。
