中国护士二次受害者心理资本的现状及相关因素：一项横断面研究
The current situation and associated factors of the psychological capital of nurses' second victims in China: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Deng Zhuoqing, Li Qianfei, Zan Hongyan, Zhang Xiaohong, Zhang Ya'nan, Gao Zhiheng
机构信息
Emergency Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
Department of Neurology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, NO. 99, Longcheng Street, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 May 12;24(1):506. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03156-z.
BACKGROUND
The level of psychological capital of nurses' second victims is critical to alleviate their negative experience after a safety incident. The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of psychological capital and associated factors of nurses after experiencing patient safety incidents.
METHODS
In May 2024, an online survey was conducted on nurses from 2 tertiary hospitals and 2 secondary hospitals in Shanxi Province who had experienced patient safety incidents in the past year using the General Information Questionnaire, the Patient Safety Incident Characteristics Questionnaire, and the Nurses' Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and finally 456 nurses filled out the questionnaire.
RESULTS
A total of 423 valid questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 92.76%. The total score of psychological capital of the nurses' second victims was (89.13 ± 14.86), and the results of multiple linear regression showed that hospital level, department, the type of patient safety incident, the level of patient safety incident, and whether or not they were supported were independent associated factors of the psychological capital of the second victims (P < 0.05), which could explain 21.00% of the total variation.
CONCLUSION
The psychological capital of the nurses' second victims was at a medium level. At the hospital level, the focus should be on nurses in tertiary hospitals. At the department level, the focus should be on the nurses in the oncology department. From the level of patient safety incidents, we should focus on the nurses with high event level and drug administration errors, and provide timely intervention support after the incident, so as to improve the psychological capital level of the second victims.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
护士“二次受害者”的心理资本水平对于缓解其在安全事件后的负面体验至关重要。本研究旨在了解护士经历患者安全事件后的心理资本现状及相关因素。
方法
2024年5月，采用一般信息问卷、患者安全事件特征问卷和护士心理资本问卷，对山西省2所三级医院和2所二级医院中过去一年经历过患者安全事件的护士进行在线调查，最终456名护士填写了问卷。
结果
共收集有效问卷423份，有效问卷回收率为92.76%。护士“二次受害者”心理资本总分（89.13±14.86），多元线性回归结果显示，医院级别、科室、患者安全事件类型、患者安全事件严重程度以及是否得到支持是“二次受害者”心理资本的独立相关因素（P<0.05），可解释总变异的21.00%。
结论
护士“二次受害者”的心理资本处于中等水平。在医院层面，应重点关注三级医院的护士；在科室层面，应重点关注肿瘤科护士；从患者安全事件严重程度来看，应重点关注严重事件和给药错误的护士，并在事件发生后及时提供干预支持，以提高“二次受害者”的心理资本水平。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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