Sharma Bunty, Shekhar Himanshu, Sahu Anidrisha, Kaur Damandeep, Haque Shafiul, Tuli Hardeep Singh, Sharma Himanshu, Sharma Ujjawal
Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, India.
Front Oncol. 2025 Apr 28;15:1570193. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1570193. eCollection 2025.
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies globally. This cancerous condition originates within the prostate gland, an integral part of the male reproductive system. The molecular mechanism underlying cancer is among the key areas of research in the scientific community. Cancer, being a multifactorial disease, is controlled by many factors ranging from environmental to genetic to epigenetic factors. Epigenetic regulation holds a crucial role in tumorigenesis and its progression. Epigenetics refers to alterations in the genome that happen without any changes to the DNA sequence itself; they may be triggered by multiple factors ranging from environmental to dietary factors. It includes methylation of DNA and histone modifications. Histone modifications, including histone methylation, histone acetylation, and histone ubiquitination, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of prostate cancer. These epigenetic modifications via transcriptional regulation affect key cellular processes and are thus implicated in prostate cancer and other cancers. These epigenetic markers could be used as both diagnostic and prognostic markers and also could be used as novel therapeutic targets against prostate cancer and other malignancies. Here in this review article, we have summarized different histone modifications and their mechanistic and therapeutic implications in prostate cancer.
前列腺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。这种癌症起源于前列腺，而前列腺是男性生殖系统的一个重要组成部分。癌症的分子机制是科学界研究的关键领域之一。癌症作为一种多因素疾病，受许多因素控制，从环境因素到遗传因素再到表观遗传因素。表观遗传调控在肿瘤发生及其进展中起着至关重要的作用。表观遗传学是指基因组发生的改变，而DNA序列本身并未发生任何变化；它们可能由多种因素引发，从环境因素到饮食因素不等。它包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰。组蛋白修饰，包括组蛋白甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化和组蛋白泛素化，在前列腺癌的发病机制和进展中起着至关重要的作用。这些通过转录调控的表观遗传修饰影响关键的细胞过程，因此与前列腺癌和其他癌症有关。这些表观遗传标记物既可以用作诊断和预后标记物，也可以用作针对前列腺癌和其他恶性肿瘤的新型治疗靶点。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了不同的组蛋白修饰及其在前列腺癌中的机制和治疗意义。
