Gogov I
Vet Med Nauki. 1985;22(6):62-7.
Studies were carried out on the production of enterotoxins A, B, and C by a total of 654 strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Of these, 326 were isolated from food products of animal origin (and had no connection with intoxications); 190 were isolated from personnel working in the food industry; and 138 were isolated from milk animals, containers, and equipment at productional enterprises. Thirty strains of S. epidermidis, isolated from food products and workers were likewise tested for the production of the same enterotoxins. The enterotoxins were obtained by the modified method of Hallander, and their demonstration was performed by a variant technique of the double gel diffusion test after Ouchterlony. It was found that the Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from food products produced enterotoxins in 12.3 per cent of the cases; was found in 6.1% of the strains, C--in 3.1%, and B--in 2.5%. Types A and C were found simultaneously in 0.6% of the strains. Enterotoxins were found in 16.6% of the strains isolated from workers and in 1.7% of those isolated from the udder of cows. The incidence of toxin production and the relative share of the three types of enterotoxins depended on the origin of staphylococci and their capacity to produce them in amounts that could be demonstrated by the methods employed. Under optimal conditions the amounts varied: for strains that produced type A they ranged from 1 to 20 micrograms/cm3; for those that produced type B they were from 1 up to 100 micrograms/cm3; and for those that produced type C they were from 1 to 40 micrograms/cm3. No production of enterotoxins A, B, and C was established with S. epidermidis strains.
对总共654株金黄色葡萄球菌产生A、B和C型肠毒素的情况进行了研究。其中，326株从动物源性食品中分离得到（与中毒事件无关）；190株从食品工业从业人员中分离得到；138株从生产企业的乳用动物、容器和设备中分离得到。同样对从食品和工作人员中分离出的30株表皮葡萄球菌进行了相同肠毒素产生情况的检测。肠毒素采用改良的哈兰德方法获得，其鉴定通过奥克特洛尼双凝胶扩散试验的变体技术进行。结果发现，从食品中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株在12.3%的情况下产生肠毒素；发现A 型肠毒素的菌株占6.1%，C型占3.1%，B型占2.5%。0.6%的菌株同时产生A 型和C型肠毒素。从工作人员中分离出的菌株有16.6%产生肠毒素，从奶牛乳房中分离出的菌株有1.7%产生肠毒素。毒素产生的发生率以及三种肠毒素的相对比例取决于葡萄球菌的来源及其产生能够用所用方法检测到的量的肠毒素的能力。在最佳条件下，产生的量有所不同：产生A 型肠毒素的菌株其含量范围为1至20微克/立方厘米；产生B型肠毒素的菌株为1至100微克/立方厘米；产生C型肠毒素的菌株为1至40微克/立方厘米。表皮葡萄球菌菌株未产生A、B和C型肠毒素。
