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用于生产表面改性胶粉的轮胎回收新型爆炸循环技术。

New Explosive-Circulation Technology of Tire Recycling for the Production of Crumb Rubber with Modified Surface.

作者信息

Misin Vyacheslav M, Nabok Alexander A, Zakharov Alexander A, Krivandin Alexey V, Krikunova Natalia I, Volkov Vladimir A, Voronkov Mikhail V, Pozin Sergey I, Buryak Alexey K, Tarasov Alexander E, Naumkin Alexander V, Nikulin Sergey S

机构信息

N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4, Kosygin St., Moscow 119334, Russia.

Explotex Group LLC, 6, 1st Dorozhny Proezd, Moscow 117545, Russia.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 5;17(9):1260. doi: 10.3390/polym17091260.

DOI:10.3390/polym17091260
PMID:40363044
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12073547/
Abstract

The article reports on the development of a fundamentally new, effective technology for recycling waste tires using the explosive-circulation technology method, which was implemented in industry at a working factory. The construction of an explosion-circulation reactor, in which tires are destroyed under the influence of an explosion, is described. The main technological stages of the reactor operation include the formation of a tire package with a height of about 2.4 m and a mass of up to 1000 kg; cooling the package by air turbo-cooling machine to a temperature of minus 70-80 °C; placing the package into the reactor; initiating the explosive charge; and removing the tire shedding products with a subsequent granulometric classification of the resulting rubber crumb. The resulting rubber crumb has good wettability, which eliminates the need for an additional technological stage of activating the crumb surface. This made it possible to successfully use the obtained rubber crumb to improve the characteristics of road construction bitumen, the hardness of which at -16 °C decreased from 217 to 161 MPa. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, GPC, and XPS, it was established that the good wettability of the crumbs is explained by the formation of molecules with polar groups (C-O, C=O, C(O)O, C-S, C-SO, Zn-S, O-Si(O)-O) on the crumb surface as a result of the explosion.

摘要

本文报道了一种全新的、有效的废旧轮胎回收利用技术的开发，该技术采用爆炸循环技术方法，并已在一家工厂投入工业应用。文中描述了一种爆炸循环反应器的构造，在该反应器中，轮胎在爆炸的作用下被破坏。反应器运行的主要工艺阶段包括：形成一个高度约2.4米、质量高达1000千克的轮胎包；用空气涡轮冷却机将该包冷却至零下70 - 80°C；将该包放入反应器；引爆炸药；以及去除轮胎破碎产物，并对所得橡胶颗粒进行后续粒度分级。所得橡胶颗粒具有良好的润湿性，这消除了对颗粒表面进行额外活化工艺阶段的需求。这使得能够成功地使用所得橡胶颗粒来改善道路建设沥青的特性，其在-16°C时的硬度从217兆帕降至161兆帕。通过原子力显微镜（AFM）、气相色谱、质谱、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析确定，颗粒良好的润湿性是由于爆炸导致颗粒表面形成了带有极性基团（C - O、C = O、C(O)O、C - S、C - SO、Zn - S、O - Si(O) - O）的分子。

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本文引用的文献

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Investigations on Adhesion Characteristics between High-Content Rubberized Asphalt and Aggregates.高含量橡胶粉改性沥青与集料粘附特性的研究
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Dec 14;14(24):5474. doi: 10.3390/polym14245474.
2
Ground tire rubber functionalization as a promising approach for the production of sustainable adsorbents of environmental pollutants.磨耗轮胎橡胶功能化作为一种有前途的方法，用于生产可持续的环境污染物吸附剂。
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 25;836:155636. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155636. Epub 2022 May 2.
3
Functional and environmental performance of plant-produced crumb rubber asphalt mixtures using the dry process.
采用干法生产的植物源胶粉橡胶沥青混合料的功能与环境性能
Mater Struct. 2021;54(5):194. doi: 10.1617/s11527-021-01790-y. Epub 2021 Oct 5.
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Technical Challenges of Utilizing Ground Tire Rubber in Asphalt Pavements in the United States.在美国将废旧轮胎橡胶用于沥青路面的技术挑战
Materials (Basel). 2021 Aug 10;14(16):4482. doi: 10.3390/ma14164482.
5
Acoustic Behavior of Hollow Blocks and Bricks Made of Concrete Doped with Waste-Tire Rubber.掺废旧轮胎橡胶的混凝土空心砌块和砖的声学性能
Materials (Basel). 2016 Nov 26;9(12):962. doi: 10.3390/ma9120962.
6
Recycling of waste tire rubber: Microwave devulcanization and incorporation in a thermoset resin.废旧轮胎橡胶的回收利用：微波脱硫及其在热固性树脂中的应用。
Waste Manag. 2017 Feb;60:471-481. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.051. Epub 2016 Nov 10.