Theranostics in Perspective: White Paper.

Nuclear medicine has evolved from a diagnostic-oriented speciality toward theranostics. Radionuclide therapy has become a booming business with newer radiopharmaceuticals and indications. Although the specialty of nuclear medicine seems scintillating, several challenges might limit sustained and long-term success. Some of the challenges and issues requiring clarification include radiopharmaceutical cost and supply, cost-benefit analysis, reimbursement, training, workforce, collaboration with the radiopharmaceutical industry, national and international nuclear medicine, and applied specialities. This review discusses these challenges and possible solutions to avoid speed breakers in theranostics.