二次受害者经历及心理韧性对护士离职意愿的影响

Hakamy Essa, Innab Adnan, Alfar Zainab

Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Medical Surgical Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Int Nurs Rev. 2025 Jun;72(2):e70031. doi: 10.1111/inr.70031.

AIM

This study aimed to examine the relationships between second-victim experience, resilience, and nurses' turnover intention.

INTRODUCTION

The second-victim experience significantly affects nurses' psychological well-being in healthcare settings, leading to serious consequences. These psychological impacts can compromise patient care, clinical judgment, and confidence, ultimately jeopardizing patient safety and the quality of care. Support from organizations and colleagues is vital to alleviate the negative effects of these experiences. Addressing these factors can help develop targeted interventions to prevent adverse outcomes from second-victim experiences.

METHODS

This cross-sectional correlational descriptive study collected data from secondary- and tertiary-care hospitals across 13 regions of Saudi Arabia, with 117 nurses participating. The Second-Victim Experience and Support Tool, Turnover Intention Scale, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 were utilized to assess secondary-victim experiences, resilience, and turnover intention.

RESULTS

Local nurses reported higher second-victim experiences (M = 2.83, SD ± .42, p = .004) and turnover intention (M = 2.83, SD ± .42, p = .012) but lower resilience scores (M = 12.43, SD ± 4.6, p = .03) compared with expatriate nurses. A significant positive correlation existed between second-victim-related distress and turnover intention. Conversely, a significant negative correlation existed between most second-victim-related variables (physical and psychological distress), supervisor support, and resilience. The regression model was significant (F [1, 115] = 73.13, p < .001, R = .389), with second-victim experience (β = 1.822, p < .001) significantly predicting turnover intention.

DISCUSSION

This study highlights the physical and psychological distress experienced by nurses, their turnover intentions, and resilience in response to second-victim experiences.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND POLICY

Health organizations should implement programs that assist nurses with overcoming trauma post adverse events and enhancing resilience, which may reduce their turnover intention in the profession.

目的

本研究旨在探讨二次受害者经历、心理韧性与护士离职意向之间的关系。

引言

二次受害者经历会对医护环境中护士的心理健康产生重大影响，进而导致严重后果。这些心理影响会损害患者护理、临床判断和信心，最终危及患者安全和护理质量。组织和同事的支持对于减轻这些经历的负面影响至关重要。解决这些因素有助于制定有针对性的干预措施，以防止二次受害者经历产生不良后果。

方法

本横断面相关性描述性研究收集了沙特阿拉伯13个地区二级和三级护理医院的数据，117名护士参与其中。使用二次受害者经历与支持工具、离职意向量表和康纳-戴维森心理韧性量表25来评估二次受害者经历、心理韧性和离职意向。

结果

与外籍护士相比，本地护士报告的二次受害者经历（M = 2.83，标准差±0.42，p = 0.004）和离职意向（M = 2.83，标准差±0.42，p = 0.012）更高，但心理韧性得分更低（M = 12.43，标准差±4.6，p = 0.03）。二次受害者相关困扰与离职意向之间存在显著正相关。相反，大多数二次受害者相关变量（身体和心理困扰）、上级支持与心理韧性之间存在显著负相关。回归模型具有显著性（F [1, 115] = 73.13，p < 0.001，R = 0.389），二次受害者经历（β = 1.822，p < 0.001）显著预测离职意向。