Rahmati Rahem, Zarimeidani Fatemeh, Ghanbari Boroujeni Mohammad Reza, Sadighbathi Sepideh, Kashaniasl Zeinab, Saleh Mobina, Alipourfard Iraj
Students Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 May 16. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10561-y.
The gut microbiota, a substantial group of microorganisms residing in the human body, profoundly impacts various physiological and pathological mechanisms. Recent studies have elucidated the association between gut dysbiosis and multiple organ diseases. Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining gastrointestinal stability, regulating the immune system and metabolic processes not only within the gastrointestinal tract but also in other organs such as the brain, lungs, and skin. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can disrupt biological functioning and contribute to the development of metabolic disorders. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) modules are adaptive immune systems in numerous archaea and bacteria. CRISPR/Cas is a versatile gene-editing tool that enables modification of the genome in live cells, including those within the gut microbiota. This technique has revolutionized gene editing due to its simplicity and effectiveness. It finds extensive applications in diverse scientific arenas, facilitating the functional screening of genomes during various biological processes. Additionally, CRISPR has been instrumental in creating model organisms and cell lines for research purposes and holds great potential for developing personalized medical treatments through precise genetic alterations. This review aims to explore and discuss the possibilities of CRISPR/Cas and the current trends in using this technique for editing gut microbiota genes in various metabolic disorders. By uncovering the valuable potential of CRISPR/Cas in modifying metabolic disorders through the human gut microbiota, we shed light on its promising applications.
肠道微生物群是存在于人体中的大量微生物群体，对各种生理和病理机制有着深远影响。最近的研究阐明了肠道菌群失调与多种器官疾病之间的关联。肠道微生物群在维持胃肠道稳定性、调节免疫系统以及不仅在胃肠道内而且在大脑、肺和皮肤等其他器官中的代谢过程中发挥着关键作用。肠道微生物群的失调会破坏生物功能，并导致代谢紊乱的发展。成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）和CRISPR相关蛋白（Cas）模块是众多古细菌和细菌中的适应性免疫系统。CRISPR/Cas是一种多功能基因编辑工具，能够在活细胞中对基因组进行修饰，包括肠道微生物群中的细胞。由于其简单性和有效性，这项技术彻底改变了基因编辑。它在各种科学领域有着广泛应用，有助于在各种生物过程中对基因组进行功能筛选。此外，CRISPR在创建用于研究目的的模式生物和细胞系方面发挥了重要作用，并且通过精确的基因改变在开发个性化医疗治疗方面具有巨大潜力。本综述旨在探索和讨论CRISPR/Cas的可能性以及使用该技术编辑各种代谢紊乱中肠道微生物群基因的当前趋势。通过揭示CRISPR/Cas通过人类肠道微生物群修饰代谢紊乱的宝贵潜力，我们阐明了其有前景的应用。
