Belamkar Aditya V, Harris Alon, Wirotsko Barbara, Rowe Lucas, Oddone Francesco, Carnevale Carmela, Verticchio Vercellin Alice, Kanwar Kunal, Wood Keren, Fabczak-Kubicka Anna, Siesky Brent
Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2025 May 19:11206721251340435. doi: 10.1177/11206721251340435.
Glaucoma represents a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by optic nerve head damage, retinal nerve fiber layer thinning and visual field loss. There are significant disparities in the diagnosis, disease progression and treatment outcomes of glaucoma patients. Primary open angle glaucoma (OAG) patients of African descent have been found to have earlier and more severe disease than those of European descent. In 2020, half of the worldwide glaucoma patient population resided in Asia, where normal-tension and angle-closure glaucoma are more prevalent. The significant prevalence and diversity of OAG in Asia necessitates a better understanding of medical, laser, and surgical management in this growing population. PubMed and Embase database searches were conducted for all pertinent articles and abstracts published between January 1990 through January 2024 and review of the literature yielded 1,237 potential articles, from which 104 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The current literature suggests that prostaglandin analogues are efficacious and safe in OAG Asian patients, however little is known on other classes of hypotensive drugs. Published data on the laser and surgical management of glaucoma in Asian populations describe differences in outcomes between Asian and Caucasian populations including from minimally invasive glaucoma surgery. Longitudinal studies specifically designed to investigate treatment impact while accounting for access to care in the increasing global aging Asian population are warranted.
青光眼是一种进行性视神经病变，其特征为视神经乳头损害、视网膜神经纤维层变薄和视野缺损。青光眼患者在诊断、疾病进展和治疗结果方面存在显著差异。已发现非洲裔原发性开角型青光眼（OAG）患者的疾病比欧洲裔患者更早且更严重。2020年，全球一半的青光眼患者居住在亚洲，正常眼压性青光眼和闭角型青光眼在亚洲更为普遍。亚洲OAG的高患病率和多样性使得有必要更好地了解这一不断增长的人群的药物、激光和手术治疗方法。对1990年1月至2024年1月期间发表的所有相关文章和摘要进行了PubMed和Embase数据库检索，文献回顾产生了1237篇潜在文章，其中104篇符合纳入/排除标准。目前的文献表明，前列腺素类似物对亚洲OAG患者有效且安全，然而对于其他类别的降压药物知之甚少。关于亚洲人群青光眼激光和手术治疗的已发表数据描述了亚洲和白种人群体在治疗结果上的差异，包括微创青光眼手术。有必要开展专门设计的纵向研究，以调查治疗效果，同时考虑到全球老龄化亚洲人群获得医疗服务的情况。
