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外源赤霉素通过降低红豆草种子中的内源抑制剂促进种子萌发。

Exogenous GA Promotes Germination by Reducing Endogenous Inhibitors in Sainfoin () Seeds.

作者信息

Luo Yanyan, Wang Kun, Yao Yuheng, Nan Lili

机构信息

Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China.

出版信息

Plants (Basel). 2025 May 14;14(10):1464. doi: 10.3390/plants14101464.

Abstract

Endogenous inhibitors can inhibit seed germination, and GA can promote seed germination. Whether GA can affect the changes in endogenous inhibitors has not been clarified. In order to study the effect of GA on the endogenous inhibitors in sainfoin () seeds, the systematic separation method and gas chromatography-mass pectrometry (GC-MS) method were used to determine the endogenous inhibitors using cabbage ( var. glabra Regel) as a bioassay model to validate the inhibitory activity in sainfoin seeds, and then the optimal concentration of GA was determined to promote seed germination. The results showed that endogenous inhibitors existed in the pod coat, seed coat, and seed embryo of sainfoin seeds, with the methanol and ethyl acetate phases showing the highest degree of inhibition. The organic compounds were mainly organic acids, phenols, lipids, and alkanes. The levels of changes in germination indicators, storage substances, and antioxidant enzymes determined that 600 mg/L GA was the optimum concentration to promote germination of sainfoin seed. It was also found that 600 mg/L GA reduced the relative content of endogenous inhibitors and changed the content of endogenous hormones. In summary, the presence of endogenous inhibitors may be one of the reasons for the low germination rate of sainfoin seeds, with 3-methoxycatechol and 4-nitrosodiphenylamine playing a major role. GA can reduce the relative content and types of endogenous inhibitors to promote the germination of sainfoin seeds. Our experimental results provide the basis for subsequent exploration of the mechanism of specific endogenous inhibitors and the identification of deeper molecular mechanisms.

摘要

内源抑制剂能够抑制种子萌发,而赤霉素(GA)可以促进种子萌发。GA是否会影响内源抑制剂的变化尚不清楚。为了研究GA对红豆草种子内源抑制剂的影响,采用系统分离法和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法,以甘蓝(var. glabra Regel)作为生物测定模型来测定红豆草种子中的内源抑制剂,以验证其抑制活性,然后确定促进种子萌发的GA最佳浓度。结果表明,红豆草种子的荚皮、种皮和胚中均存在内源抑制剂,其中甲醇相和乙酸乙酯相的抑制程度最高。这些有机化合物主要为有机酸、酚类、脂质和烷烃。通过对发芽指标、贮藏物质和抗氧化酶变化水平的测定,确定600 mg/L GA是促进红豆草种子萌发的最佳浓度。研究还发现,600 mg/L GA降低了内源抑制剂的相对含量,并改变了内源激素的含量。综上所述,内源抑制剂的存在可能是红豆草种子发芽率低的原因之一,其中3-甲氧基邻苯二酚和4-亚硝基二苯胺起主要作用。GA可以降低内源抑制剂的相对含量和种类,从而促进红豆草种子的萌发。我们的实验结果为后续探索特定内源抑制剂的作用机制以及深入分子机制的鉴定提供了依据。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b7c6/12114959/1f383acc674d/plants-14-01464-g001.jpg

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