德国铀矿工人职业性可吸入结晶二氧化硅粉尘暴露与非肺癌死亡率风险（1946 - 2018年）
Occupational Respirable Crystalline Silica Dust Exposure and Risk of Non-Lung Cancer Mortality Among German Uranium Miners (1946-2018).
作者信息
Ludwig Tonia, Kreuzer Michaela, Taeger Dirk, Pallapies Dirk, Scholz-Kreisel Peter, Fenske Nora
机构信息
From the Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany (T.L., M.K., P.S.-K., and N.F.); Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany (D.T. and D.P.).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2025 Aug 1;67(8):666-673. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003433. Epub 2025 May 28.
OBJECTIVE
This study examines the relationship between occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica dust and mortality from non-lung cancer diseases in German uranium miners.
METHODS
Excess relative risk (ERR) for mortality from potentially silica-related health outcomes was estimated for silica dust exposure.
RESULTS
Risk for silicosis or other pneumoconiosis increased starting at 3 dust-years, doubling at 6 dust-years. A statistically significant ERR was observed for non-malignant respiratory disease excluding silicosis (ERR/10 dust-years [95% confidence interval] = 0.12 [0.03, 0.21]) and for "other Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" (0.16 [0.01, 0.31]). A non-significant ERR was noted for glomerular disease (6.37 [-6.48, 19.22]) and fibrotic pulmonary disease (0.74 [-0.44, 1.92]). Adjusting for radiation did not notably alter these findings.
CONCLUSION
In German uranium miners, silicosis remains the primary cause of death from silica dust, indicating increased risks for other diseases.
目的
本研究探讨德国铀矿工人职业接触可吸入结晶二氧化硅粉尘与非肺癌疾病死亡率之间的关系。
方法
估计二氧化硅粉尘暴露导致潜在的与二氧化硅相关健康结局的超额相对风险（ERR）。
结果
矽肺或其他尘肺病的风险从3个粉尘年开始增加，在6个粉尘年时翻倍。对于不包括矽肺的非恶性呼吸道疾病（ERR/10粉尘年[95%置信区间]=0.12[0.03，0.21]）和“其他慢性阻塞性肺疾病”（0.16[0.01，0.31]），观察到具有统计学意义的ERR。对于肾小球疾病（6.37[-6.48，19.22]）和纤维化肺病（0.74[-0.44，1.92]），注意到ERR无统计学意义。对辐射进行校正并未显著改变这些结果。
结论
在德国铀矿工人中，矽肺仍然是二氧化硅粉尘导致死亡的主要原因，这表明其他疾病的风险增加。
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