Peoples JaNiene E, Montemayor Benjamin, Tuda Daniela, Szlyk Hannah S, Baiden Philip, Butler-Barnes Sheretta T
Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, 212 Adriance Lab Rd, SPH-A Rm 319, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s40615-025-02491-w.
Despite growing evidence that racial discrimination is associated with substance use among Black Americans, the existing research on Black college students has not been synthesized. In response, this scoping review investigated the state of research on racial discrimination and substance use among Black college students in the United States (U.S.).
Using PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines, we searched 23 databases and screened 254 non-duplicative titles and abstracts published from earliest records to December 2022. We extracted key study characteristics and described results through a narrative synthesis of the evidence.
Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria. Studies primarily comprised Black undergraduates (Female > 50%, MAge = 20.9 years) from single institutions. Most studies found a significant positive association between racial discrimination and alcohol, with stronger evidence for consequences than consumption. Findings for cannabis, tobacco use, and binge drinking were less consistent. Eleven studies employed complex modeling (i.e., mediation and moderation analyses), but most (17) were cross-sectional and assessed retrospective self-reports. Both single-item and multi-item measures were used to assess racial discrimination, predominantly capturing overt individual-level experiences. Several discriminatory experiences received scant attention, and most studies lacked an explicit theoretical justification for analyses.
This review highlights that racial discrimination impacts substance use risk among Black college students through various pathways. With rising sociopolitical tensions in the U.S. and on college campuses, there is an urgent need for targeted prevention efforts at both institutional and individual levels. We identified critical gaps in evidence and provided recommendations to enhance methodological rigor in future research.
尽管越来越多的证据表明种族歧视与美国黑人的物质使用有关，但关于黑人大学生的现有研究尚未得到综合分析。为此，本范围综述调查了美国黑人大学生中种族歧视与物质使用的研究现状。
我们按照PRISMA-ScR报告指南，检索了23个数据库，并筛选了从最早记录到2022年12月发表的254篇非重复标题和摘要。我们提取了关键研究特征，并通过对证据的叙述性综合来描述结果。
18项研究符合纳入标准。这些研究主要包括来自单一机构的黑人本科生（女性>50%，平均年龄=20.9岁）。大多数研究发现种族歧视与酒精之间存在显著正相关，且后果方面的证据比消费方面更强。关于大麻、烟草使用和暴饮暴食的研究结果不太一致。11项研究采用了复杂模型（即中介和调节分析），但大多数（17项）是横断面研究，并评估了回顾性自我报告。单项目和多项目测量均被用于评估种族歧视，主要捕捉明显的个人层面经历。一些歧视性经历很少受到关注，且大多数研究缺乏分析的明确理论依据。
本综述强调种族歧视通过多种途径影响黑人大学生的物质使用风险。随着美国社会政治紧张局势加剧以及大学校园情况的变化，迫切需要在机构和个人层面开展有针对性的预防工作。我们确定了证据中的关键差距，并为提高未来研究的方法严谨性提供了建议。
