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一项比较情绪聚焦型与行为型家长培训对患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍学龄儿童家庭有效性的随机临床试验。

A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Effectiveness of Emotion-Focused and Behavioral Parent Training in Families of School-aged Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

作者信息

Zargarinejad Ghazaleh, Shortt Joann Wu, Eddy J Mark, Ebadi Zare Saeed, Gharraee Banafsheh, Farahani Hojjatollah, Aghebati Asma, Shirazi Elham

机构信息

Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, OR, USA.

出版信息

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2025 Jun 6. doi: 10.1007/s10578-025-01868-6.

Abstract

Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) is a well-established intervention for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; however, it has been criticized for its limited focus on enhancing parental emotion regulation (ER) skills, which are crucial for supporting children's emotional development. This gap underscores the need to examine the effectiveness of ER-focused parental interventions in comparison to BPT. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of an EF parenting and a BPT intervention on various child- and mother-related outcomes in families of school-aged children with ADHD. Fifty-nine participants were randomly assigned to an EF intervention (The Emotions Program), a BPT intervention (Triple P Positive Parenting Program), or a waitlist control group, with data from forty-seven participants (mean child age = 8.00; SD = 1.38; 72.3% boys) included in the final analyses. The treatment groups received structured, manual-based interventions, while the waitlist group received the BPT intervention after the final assessment. Assessments were conducted at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and a two-month follow-up. Results from repeated-measures ANOVAs and post-hoc analyses indicated that both EF and BPT led to significant improvements compared to the control group, though each approach had distinct effects. Both interventions significantly reduced child conduct problem scores; however, EF was particularly effective in decreasing non-supportive maternal reactions, alleviating parenting stress, and improving parental emotion regulation, while BPT showed greater effectiveness in reducing ADHD symptoms and child emotion dysregulation. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring interventions to address specific parental and child needs, suggesting that integrating EF and BPT approaches may provide a more comprehensive framework for supporting families of children with ADHD.

摘要

行为父母培训(BPT)是一种针对注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的成熟干预措施;然而,它因对增强父母情绪调节(ER)技能的关注有限而受到批评,而这些技能对于支持孩子的情绪发展至关重要。这一差距凸显了与BPT相比,研究以情绪调节为重点的父母干预措施有效性的必要性。本研究旨在比较情绪聚焦养育(EF)干预和BPT干预对患有ADHD的学龄儿童家庭中各种与孩子和母亲相关的结果的有效性。59名参与者被随机分配到EF干预组(情绪项目)、BPT干预组(三倍P积极养育项目)或等待名单对照组,最终分析纳入了47名参与者的数据(孩子平均年龄 = 8.00;标准差 = 1.38;72.3%为男孩)。治疗组接受基于手册的结构化干预,而等待名单组在最终评估后接受BPT干预。在干预前、干预后和两个月随访时进行评估。重复测量方差分析和事后分析的结果表明,与对照组相比,EF和BPT都带来了显著改善,不过每种方法都有不同的效果。两种干预都显著降低了孩子的行为问题得分;然而,EF在减少母亲的非支持性反应、减轻养育压力和改善父母情绪调节方面特别有效,而BPT在减少ADHD症状和孩子情绪失调方面显示出更大的效果。这些发现强调了根据特定的父母和孩子需求定制干预措施的重要性,表明整合EF和BPT方法可能为支持患有ADHD的孩子的家庭提供一个更全面的框架。

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