Pattanaik Sandesh Kumar, Anil Prajapati Manisha, Jena Sudipta, Rath Diptirani
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India.
School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Knowledge Park-3, Greater Noida, U.P, 201306, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jul 24;351:120092. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2025.120092. Epub 2025 Jun 6.
Indian traditional medicine has long utilized medicinal plants for the management of chronic diseases such as Diabetes mellitus (DM) and related neurological complications, Alzheimer's disease (AD). The growing global burden of DM and its associated complications continues to rise; hence, it seems essential to explore effective, targeted therapies to mitigate their progression. Plant-based therapeutics have garnered significant attention for their safety, efficacy and ability to modulate multiple biological pathways. Indigenous medicinal plants, such as Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poir., Moringa oleifera Lam., Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Psidium guajava (L.), Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa, and Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don has been historically employed in ethnomedicine such as classical Ayurvedic texts, scientific literature and has a comprehensive and synergistic approach to address symptoms associated with DM and cognitive decline.
This review explores the interwined pathophysiological pathways between DM and AD, highlighting the potential of medicinal plants through (pre-clinical and clinical evidence), bridging the therapeutic gap. Additionally, we also discussed the currently used conventional antidiabetic drug that has been employed for managing AD.
In this study, six ayurvedic plants with dual activity against DM and AD are thoroughly reviewed with historical context, preclinical and clinical context. The plant's secondary metabolites have demonstrated significant antidiabetic and neuroprotective activities by regulating glucose metabolism, reducing oxidative stress, preventing amyloid-beta accumulation, etc. CONCLUSION: DM and AD share pathophysiology and multifaceted causes, requiring multi-targeted herbal remedies. The selected six Ayurveda medicinal plants showcase the dual benefits for both diseases. The obstacles, such as stability, pharmacokinetics, and safety, remain substantial barriers; addressing these challenges could constrain the clinical translation. This review demands further research to address the challenges to facilitate the effective integration of traditional medicinal knowledge with contemporary practice.
印度传统医学长期以来一直利用药用植物来管理慢性疾病，如糖尿病（DM）及其相关的神经并发症、阿尔茨海默病（AD）。全球糖尿病及其相关并发症的负担持续增加；因此，探索有效的靶向治疗方法以减轻其进展似乎至关重要。植物性疗法因其安全性、有效性以及调节多种生物途径的能力而备受关注。本土药用植物，如大花田菁（Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poir.）、辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam.）、积雪草（Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.）、番石榴（Psidium guajava (L.)）、印度楝（Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa）和长春花（Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don），在传统医学如经典阿育吠陀文献、科学文献中一直被使用，并且对解决与糖尿病和认知衰退相关的症状具有全面且协同的方法。
本综述探讨了糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病之间相互交织的病理生理途径，通过（临床前和临床证据）突出药用植物的潜力，弥合治疗差距。此外，我们还讨论了目前用于管理阿尔茨海默病的传统抗糖尿病药物。
在本研究中，对六种具有抗糖尿病和抗阿尔茨海默病双重活性的阿育吠陀植物进行了全面综述，涵盖历史背景、临床前和临床背景。这些植物的次生代谢产物通过调节葡萄糖代谢、减少氧化应激、防止β淀粉样蛋白积累等，表现出显著的抗糖尿病和神经保护活性。结论：糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病具有共同的病理生理学和多方面病因，需要多靶点草药疗法。所选的六种阿育吠陀药用植物对这两种疾病都显示出双重益处。稳定性、药代动力学和安全性等障碍仍然是巨大的障碍；解决这些挑战可能会限制临床转化。本综述需要进一步研究以应对这些挑战，促进传统医学知识与当代实践的有效整合。
