Mehmood Qasim, Rafay Abdul, Qurat Ul Ain Hafiza, Junaid Tahir Muhammad, Saeed Abdullah, Hanan Abdul, Yousaf Zohaib, Hassan Zair, Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab, Asghar Muhammad Sohaib
King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Queen Alexandra Hospital Portsmouth University NHS Trust, Cosham, Portsmouth, UK.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jun 6;104(23):e42806. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000042806.
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in females. In low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan, reported incidence and prevalence remain unreliable. The aim was to evaluate Pakistani women's knowledge, attitude, and perception of breast cancer. This cross-sectional study was conducted among Pakistani women from Punjab, Pakistan. A self-administered online questionnaire was formulated to collect data from the participants from September 24, 2022, to October 24, 2022. The questionnaire included sociodemographic data, knowledge questions regarding breast cancer risk factors, knowledge questions about symptoms of breast cancer, and questions assessing the participants' attitudes toward mammography screening. For knowledge questions, a score of more than 7 out of 13 was considered good knowledge. For attitude questions, regression analysis was done and a score of more than 5 out of 11 was considered a positive attitude. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 (Chicago). 796 women participated in this study. Out of 796 participants, 543 (68.2%) were between 20 and 30 years of age, and 43 (5.4%) were more than 40 years old. The level of knowledge regarding breast cancer risk factors was suboptimal. 523 (65.7%) of the participants thought that breast cancer risk increases with advancing age and 218 (27.4%) thought that early menarche increases the risk of developing breast cancer. 471 (59.2%) mentioned that mammography is an effective tool for detecting breast cancer, and 30 (3.8%) thought that there is a cure for breast cancer. According to regression analysis, higher education, higher monthly household income, and married marital status were significantly associated with good knowledge related to breast cancer. Although most of the population is aware of breast cancer's risk factors and symptoms, they avoid screening such as mammography. Public awareness projects could help increase women's knowledge of breast cancer signs, symptoms, and screening.
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症之一。在巴基斯坦等低收入和中等收入国家，报告的发病率和患病率仍然不可靠。目的是评估巴基斯坦女性对乳腺癌的知识、态度和认知。这项横断面研究在巴基斯坦旁遮普邦的女性中进行。2022年9月24日至2022年10月24日，通过自行填写的在线问卷从参与者那里收集数据。问卷包括社会人口统计学数据、关于乳腺癌风险因素的知识问题、关于乳腺癌症状的知识问题，以及评估参与者对乳房X光检查态度的问题。对于知识问题，13分中得分超过7分被认为知识良好。对于态度问题，进行了回归分析，11分中得分超过5分被认为是积极态度。使用SPSS 25版（芝加哥）对数据进行分析。796名女性参与了这项研究。在796名参与者中，543名（68.2%）年龄在20至30岁之间，43名（5.4%）年龄超过40岁。关于乳腺癌风险因素的知识水平不理想。523名（65.7%）参与者认为乳腺癌风险随着年龄增长而增加，218名（27.4%）认为初潮早会增加患乳腺癌的风险。471名（59.2%）提到乳房X光检查是检测乳腺癌的有效工具，30名（3.8%）认为乳腺癌有治愈方法。根据回归分析，高等教育、较高的家庭月收入和已婚婚姻状况与对乳腺癌的良好知识显著相关。尽管大多数人知道乳腺癌的风险因素和症状，但他们避免进行乳房X光检查等筛查。公众意识项目有助于提高女性对乳腺癌体征、症状和筛查的认识。
