Akbaş Perihan, Erdoğan Hatice
Karadeniz Advanced Technology Research and Application Center, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Türkiye.
Ondokuz Mayıs University, Graduate School of Education, Forensic Sciences Department, Samsun, Türkiye.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug;319(Pt 1):145231. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145231. Epub 2025 Jun 12.
Sustainable food packaging materials are essential for reducing plastic waste and enhancing food preservation. This study investigates the development of agar-based biopolymer films impregnated with bioactive compounds extracted from pea pods (Pisum sativum) using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), offering an eco-friendly alternative for active food packaging. For the first time, extracts produced from pea hulls via NADES were incorporated into agar-glycerol films. The NADES-based films exhibited significantly improved tensile strength, reaching up to 9.03 MPa, compared to 4.37 MPa in the control group. Water solubility was reduced by 38 %, and contact angle measurements confirmed increased hydrophobicity (75.75° NADES vs. 63.26° control). LC-MS/MS analysis identified major phenolic compounds including quercetin (25.82 μg/g extract), coumaric acid (23.94 μg/g), and ferulic acid (6.08 μg/g). Antimicrobial tests demonstrated clear inhibition zones against E. coli (20.4 mm) and S. aureus (15.6 mm). In cheese preservation tests, samples wrapped with NADES films showed significantly lower microbial counts (2.85 log CFU/g), while unwrapped samples exceeded 6 log CFU/g. NADES-extracted bioactive compounds enhance the functional properties of agar-based films, improving antimicrobial performance, mechanical durability, and food preservation capabilities. These findings support the potential of NADES films as biodegradable, active food packaging materials, aligning with circular economy principles.
可持续食品包装材料对于减少塑料垃圾和加强食品保鲜至关重要。本研究调查了使用天然深共熔溶剂（NADES）浸渍从豌豆荚（Pisum sativum）中提取的生物活性化合物的琼脂基生物聚合物薄膜的开发情况，为活性食品包装提供了一种环保替代方案。首次将通过NADES从豌豆壳中提取的提取物掺入琼脂 - 甘油薄膜中。与对照组的4.37MPa相比，基于NADES的薄膜的拉伸强度显著提高，达到9.03MPa。水溶性降低了38%，接触角测量证实疏水性增加（NADES为75.75°，对照组为63.26°）。LC-MS/MS分析鉴定出主要的酚类化合物，包括槲皮素（25.82μg/g提取物）、香豆酸（23.94μg/g）和阿魏酸（6.08μg/g）。抗菌测试表明对大肠杆菌（20.4mm）和金黄色葡萄球菌（15.6mm）有明显的抑菌圈。在奶酪保鲜测试中，用NADES薄膜包裹的样品显示微生物数量显著更低（2.85 log CFU/g），而未包裹的样品超过6 log CFU/g。NADES提取的生物活性化合物增强了琼脂基薄膜的功能特性，改善了抗菌性能、机械耐久性和食品保鲜能力。这些发现支持了NADES薄膜作为可生物降解的活性食品包装材料的潜力，符合循环经济原则。
