Fang Chenyi, Naradipa Muhammad Avicenna, Jia Yuewen, Mi Junyu, Zeng Haoze, Imbrogno Joseph, Swenson Tim M, Yi Chenhao, Sun Shipeng, Rusydi Andrivo, Zhang Sui
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, 5 Research Link, 117603, Singapore; Advanced Research Initiative for Correlated-Electron Systems (ARiCES), Singapore.
Water Res. 2025 Sep 15;284:123979. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123979. Epub 2025 Jun 7.
Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are widely used in water treatment and desalination. One commonly observed limitation of these membranes is the reduced water permeance in the presence of salts. Here, we introduce diol-based solvents into interfacial polymerization (IP) to form polyamide-type NF membranes. The high viscosity and low surface tension of the solvents reduced the concentration of piperazine (PIP) at the interface, resulting in membranes with a reduced thickness (82.7 to 30.2 nm), lower surface roughness (20.9 to 6.2 nm) as well as higher water permeance (11.1 to 21.0 L.m.h.bar) compared to original NF membrane, without significantly sacrificing salt rejection ability (97.0 % rejection to NaSO). More interestingly, the crosslinking degree of the polyamide layer prepared by diol-based solvents was lower, giving rise to higher charge density and swelling in salt solutions. Thus, higher water permeance in treating saline water was observed, and the membranes demonstrated effective separation of organic molecules from salts at elevated water permeance and lower fouling extent in concentrating antibiotics from the realistic pharmaceutical wastewater stream.
纳滤（NF）膜广泛应用于水处理和海水淡化。这些膜一个常见的局限性是在有盐存在的情况下水通量降低。在此，我们将基于二醇的溶剂引入界面聚合（IP）以形成聚酰胺型纳滤膜。与原始纳滤膜相比，该溶剂的高粘度和低表面张力降低了界面处哌嗪（PIP）的浓度，从而得到厚度减小（从82.7纳米至30.2纳米）、表面粗糙度降低（从20.9纳米至6.2纳米）以及水通量更高（从11.1至21.0 L·m⁻¹·h⁻¹·bar⁻¹）的膜，同时不会显著牺牲对盐的截留能力（对NaSO的截留率为97.0%）。更有趣的是，由基于二醇的溶剂制备的聚酰胺层的交联度较低，导致在盐溶液中的电荷密度更高且溶胀性更强。因此，在处理盐水时观察到了更高的水通量，并且这些膜在提高水通量以及降低从实际制药废水流中浓缩抗生素时的污染程度的情况下，展现出了从盐中有效分离有机分子的能力。
