Wu Shilan, Wang Qiang, Duan Hongbo, Xiong Jiahao, Lai Tianbing, Wang Chune, Liang Jinjun, Jia Huayun
Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Hunan Academy of Preventive Medicine), Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 16;20(6):e0326107. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326107. eCollection 2025.
Wild mushroom poisoning is a major cause of foodborne illness-related deaths in Hunan Province. By analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of fatal incidents due to wild mushroom poisoning in Hunan Province over the past decade and preventive measures implemented in recent years, in this study, we aimed to provide insights for nationwide prevention and control of wild mushroom poisoning, focusing on reducing mortality.
Data from the "Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System" in Hunan Province were used to describe the characteristics of wild mushroom poisoning. Kernel density analysis was performed using ArcMap 10.8.1 to identify spatial clustering.
It showed that from 2014 to 2023, 80 fatal wild mushroom poisoning incidents and 111 deaths, with a case fatality rate of 1.5%, were reported in Hunan Province. June (40 events, 50.0%) and August (17 events, 21.3%) are the peak periods for wild mushroom poisoning. The species most frequently associated with fatal poisoning were Russula subnigricans (20 events, 25.0%), Amanita fuliginea (18 events, 22.5%), and Amanita rimosa (11 events, 13.5%). Kernel density analysis indicated that the fatalities were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern regions of Hunan Province. All (100%) fatal incidence collected from households with poisoning caused by accidental harvesting and consumption. Rural areas accounted for 93.8% of the fatal incidents. The highest proportion of deaths (48.7%) occurred in the age group of 60 years and above.
Fatalities due to wild mushroom poisoning incidents exhibit seasonal and regional variations. We call for multi-sectoral collaboration in prevention and control efforts, focusing on key populations, regions, and time to conduct public education and promotion and ensure smooth access to medical care, which are crucial strategies for preventing wild mushroom poisoning incidents and reducing mortality.
野生蘑菇中毒是湖南省食源性疾病相关死亡的主要原因。通过分析湖南省过去十年野生蘑菇中毒致死事件的流行病学特征以及近年来实施的预防措施，在本研究中，我们旨在为全国范围内预防和控制野生蘑菇中毒提供见解，重点是降低死亡率。
利用湖南省“食源性疾病暴发监测系统”的数据来描述野生蘑菇中毒的特征。使用ArcMap 10.8.1进行核密度分析以识别空间聚集情况。
结果显示，2014年至2023年期间，湖南省报告了80起野生蘑菇中毒致死事件，111人死亡，病死率为1.5%。6月（40起事件，50.0%）和8月（17起事件，21.3%）是野生蘑菇中毒的高峰期。与致死中毒最常相关的物种是亚稀褶红菇（20起事件，25.）、灰花纹鹅膏（18起事件，22.5%）和角鳞灰鹅膏（11起事件，13.5%）。核密度分析表明，死亡主要集中在湖南省的中部和东部地区。所有（100%）致死事件均采集自因意外采摘和食用而中毒的家庭。农村地区占致死事件的93.8%。死亡比例最高（48.7%）的发生在60岁及以上年龄组。
野生蘑菇中毒致死事件呈现出季节性和区域性差异。我们呼吁在预防和控制工作中进行多部门协作，关注重点人群、地区和时间，开展公众教育和宣传，并确保医疗救治的顺畅，这些是预防野生蘑菇中毒事件和降低死亡率的关键策略。
