Zablotska Lydia B, McConnell Robert J, Rozhko Aleksandr V, O'Kane Patrick, Yauseyenka Vasilina, Little Mark P, Minenko Victor, Drozdovitch Vladimir, Moskvicheva Tamara, Hatch Maureen, Yeudachkova Tamara, Mabuchi Kiyohiko, Cahoon Elizabeth K
Eur Thyroid J. 2025 Jul 1;14(4). doi: 10.1530/ETJ-25-0085. Print 2025 Aug 1.
To establish thyroid ultrasound volume norms appropriate for studies of diffuse goiter in a cohort of children and adolescents from an iodine-deficient population exposed to 131I by the Chernobyl fallout.
A cohort of 11,970 Belarusians aged ≤18 years at the time of the 1986 Chernobyl accident with individual thyroid radiation dose estimates was screened 10-18 years later. From these, a low-dose subset of 2,392 with no thyroid diseases was selected to construct age- and sex-specific normative values for thyroid ultrasound volume, compared to Belarusian Ministry of Health (MOH) norms and existing WHO and European standards.
Cohort-specific values were generally lower than MOH norms and WHO standards for 11-17-year-olds. For those aged ≥18 years, internal norms were 30% higher in males and 15-30% lower in females than MOH norms, and exceeded European values for both sexes. Thyroid volume norms were about 40% higher in males and 30% higher in females as a function of BSA compared to European values. Thyroid volume continued to increase in both sexes, and by age 30-34 years, cohort-specific norms were 6% higher in males and 26% higher in females than European values. Urinary iodine concentration did not significantly explain variance in thyroid volume beyond sex, age, and BSA.
In this iodine-deficient cohort of young Belarusians exposed to 131I by Chernobyl fallout, thyroid ultrasound volumes differed substantially from MOH norms and established WHO standards, prompting a revision of diffuse goiter definition using cohort-specific normative values.
为研究切尔诺贝利核事故沉降物中131I暴露的缺碘人群中儿童和青少年的弥漫性甲状腺肿，建立合适的甲状腺超声容积标准。
对1986年切尔诺贝利事故发生时年龄≤18岁且有个体甲状腺辐射剂量估计值的11970名白俄罗斯人进行队列研究，10 - 18年后进行筛查。从中选取2392名无甲状腺疾病的低剂量亚组，构建甲状腺超声容积的年龄和性别特异性标准值，并与白俄罗斯卫生部（MOH）标准以及现有的世界卫生组织（WHO）和欧洲标准进行比较。
11 - 17岁人群的队列特异性值普遍低于MOH标准和WHO标准；对于≥18岁的人群，男性的内部标准比MOH标准高30%，女性比MOH标准低15 - 30%，且超过了欧洲两性的标准值。与欧洲标准值相比，根据体表面积计算，男性甲状腺容积标准约高40%，女性约高30%。两性的甲状腺容积均持续增加，到30 - 34岁时，队列特异性标准值男性比欧洲标准值高6%，女性高26%。尿碘浓度除了性别、年龄和体表面积外，对甲状腺容积的差异没有显著解释作用。
在这个因切尔诺贝利核事故沉降物暴露于131I的缺碘白俄罗斯年轻人群队列中，甲状腺超声容积与MOH标准和既定的WHO标准有很大差异，这促使使用队列特异性标准值对弥漫性甲状腺肿的定义进行修订。
