Chaves Marina L C, Jesus Guilherme A M, Castro Michael C, Bruni Andressa R S, Monteiro Johny P, SantosJunior Oscar O, Martins Alessandro F, Bonafé Elton G
Analytical Apllied in Lipids, Sterols, and Antioxidants (APLE-A), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
Laboratory of Materials, Macromolecules, and Composites (LaMMAC), Federal University of TechnologyParaná (UTFPR), Apucarana, Paraná 86812-460, Brazil.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jun 5;10(23):24050-24062. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c08591. eCollection 2025 Jun 17.
Packaging composed of polysaccharides has emerged as an alternative to petroleum-based commercial products. Thus, this research aimed to develop, optimize, characterize, and apply biodegradable pectin/starch-based films for fresh pears. All film-forming formulations were characterized. Digital images and optical properties suggest stable, transparent, and efficient ultraviolet (UV) blocking films, especially UVC-UVB and partially UVA. Thermal analysis indicated significant mass loss at high temperatures (above 250 °C). The films were permeable to water vapor (0.305-0.255 g × mm/h × m × kPa) and impermeable to oil. Scanning electron microscopy revealed surface and cross-sectional changes in the material that influenced its mechanical properties, including tensile strength (0.029-0.041 MPa), Young's modulus (1.42-2.21 MPa), and elongation at break (1.69-2.98%). The films showed a water solubility of around 74% (w/w) with a maximum swelling of 233%. In addition, statistical tools facilitated optimization and data interpretation. The Simplex lattice mixture design indicated that the film containing 100% pectin (Pec-100) was more resistant and less permeable to water vapor, while principal component analysis attributed high transparency and rigidity. In this sense, the Pec-100 material showed potential for film application on fresh pears. Digital images recorded during storage suggested that coated fruits appeared fresh after 15 days. On the other hand, uncoated pears displayed degradation points starting from the tenth day. Therefore, the renewable-source-based film demonstrated promising fruit preservation results.
由多糖组成的包装材料已成为石油基商业产品的替代品。因此，本研究旨在开发、优化、表征和应用用于新鲜梨的可生物降解的果胶/淀粉基薄膜。对所有成膜配方进行了表征。数字图像和光学性能表明，该薄膜稳定、透明且具有高效的紫外线（UV）阻隔性能，尤其是对UVC-UVB以及部分UVA。热分析表明，在高温（250℃以上）下有显著的质量损失。该薄膜对水蒸气具有渗透性（0.305 - 0.255 g×mm/h×m×kPa），对油不渗透。扫描电子显微镜揭示了材料表面和横截面的变化，这些变化影响了其机械性能，包括拉伸强度（0.029 - 0.041 MPa）、杨氏模量（1.42 - 2.21 MPa）和断裂伸长率（1.69 - 2.98%）。该薄膜的水溶性约为74%（w/w），最大溶胀率为233%。此外，统计工具有助于优化和数据解释。单纯形格子混合设计表明，含100%果胶的薄膜（Pec - 100）对水蒸气的耐受性更强且渗透性更低，而主成分分析表明其具有高透明度和刚性。从这个意义上说，Pec - 100材料在新鲜梨上的薄膜应用具有潜力。储存期间记录的数字图像表明，涂覆的果实15天后看起来仍然新鲜。另一方面，未涂覆的梨从第十天开始出现腐烂点。因此，基于可再生资源的薄膜显示出有前景的水果保鲜效果。
