Madjedi Kian M, Stuart Kelsey V, Yin Grace S, Luben Robert N, Sun Zihan, Biradar Mahantesh, Hu Ruiqi, Foster Paul J, Khaw Peng T, Bell Katharina C, Crowston Jonathan G, Khawaja Anthony P
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
Ivey Eye Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London ON, United Kingdom.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jun 2;66(6):66. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.6.66.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that muscle-related factors influence glaucoma risk, we examined the association of grip strength (GS), thigh muscle volume (TMV), and walking pace (WP) with glaucoma and its related traits.
We included UK Biobank participants with data on IOP (N = 114,284), optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular inner retinal layer thickness measures (N = 44,141) and glaucoma status (N = 105,556; 2006-2010). Linear regression was used to evaluate multivariable-adjusted associations of GS, TMV, and WP with IOP and macular inner retinal OCT parameters, and logistic regression was used to evaluate associations with glaucoma status. We additionally examined gene-GS interactions with each outcome using a polygenic risk score (PRS) that combined the effects of 2673 genetic variants associated with glaucoma.
After adjustment for key anthropometric, lifestyle, and medical covariables, we found each additional standard deviation (SD) increase in GS (8.6 kg in men and 6.1 kg in women) was associated with thicker macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) by 0.08 µm (P = 0.013) and 0.07 µm (P = 0.010) in men and women, respectively; thicker macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) by 0.12 µm (P = 0.003) and 0.17 µm (P < 0.001); higher IOP by 0.15 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg; P < 0.001) and 0.16 mm Hg (P < 0.001) and lower odds of glaucoma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.83, P < 0.001) in men only. The association with glaucoma was replicated in the independent EPIC-Norfolk cohort. Faster WP and greater TMV were also associated with lower odds of glaucoma in men only (P = 0.004 and P = 0.017, respectively). Stronger GS-IOP associations were observed in participants with a higher level of genetic risk for glaucoma (Pinteraction < 0.001).
In this cross-sectional and gene-environment interaction study, factors relating to muscle strength, mass, and function were consistently associated with higher IOP, thicker inner retinal OCT measures in both sexes, and lower odds of glaucoma in men.
本研究旨在探讨肌肉相关因素影响青光眼风险这一假设，我们研究了握力（GS）、大腿肌肉体积（TMV）和步行速度（WP）与青光眼及其相关特征之间的关联。
我们纳入了英国生物银行中具有眼压（IOP）数据（N = 114,284）、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）黄斑内层视网膜厚度测量数据（N = 44,141）以及青光眼状态数据（N = 105,556；2006 - 2010年）的参与者。采用线性回归评估GS、TMV和WP与IOP及黄斑内层视网膜OCT参数的多变量调整关联，采用逻辑回归评估与青光眼状态的关联。我们还使用结合了2673个与青光眼相关的基因变异效应的多基因风险评分（PRS），研究了基因 - GS与每个结局的相互作用。
在对关键人体测量学、生活方式和医学协变量进行调整后，我们发现GS每增加一个标准差（SD）（男性增加8.6千克，女性增加6.1千克），男性和女性的黄斑视网膜神经纤维层（mRNFL）分别增厚0.08微米（P = 0.013）和0.07微米（P = 0.010）；黄斑神经节细胞 - 内丛状层（mGCIPL）分别增厚0.12微米（P = 0.003）和0.17微米（P < 0.001）；眼压分别升高0.15毫米汞柱（mm Hg；P < 0.001）和0.16毫米汞柱（P < 0.001），且仅在男性中青光眼的发病几率降低（优势比[OR] = 0.83，P < 0.001）。在独立的EPIC - 诺福克队列中重复了与青光眼的关联。仅在男性中，更快的WP和更大的TMV也与较低的青光眼发病几率相关（分别为P = 0.004和P = 0.017）。在青光眼遗传风险较高的参与者中观察到更强的GS - IOP关联（P交互作用< 0.001）。
在这项横断面和基因 - 环境相互作用研究中，与肌肉力量、质量和功能相关的因素始终与较高的眼压、两性中较厚的内层视网膜OCT测量值以及男性中较低的青光眼发病几率相关。
