Campbell B C, Reid J L
Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1985;5(4):215-22.
Abrupt withdrawal of the centrally-acting antihypertensive agent, clonidine, is associated with a high incidence of rebound hypertension and tachycardia, with symptoms of sympathetic overactivity and increased catecholamine excretion. Gradual clonidine withdrawal has been recommended, but does not always avoid the reaction. A regimen is described comprising high doses of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin, the cardioselective beta-blocker, atenolol, and chlordiazepoxide, specifically designed to counter both central and peripheral effects of sudden withdrawal of a central alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. This combination was completely successful in preventing the haemodynamic and symptomatic features of clonidine withdrawal in eight hypertensive patients.
中枢性抗高血压药物可乐定突然停药会导致高血压和心动过速的反弹发生率很高,伴有交感神经过度活跃的症状以及儿茶酚胺排泄增加。有人建议逐渐停用可乐定,但并不总能避免这种反应。本文描述了一种治疗方案,该方案包括高剂量的α1肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂哌唑嗪、心脏选择性β受体阻滞剂阿替洛尔和氯氮䓬,专门设计用于对抗中枢α2肾上腺素能激动剂突然停药的中枢和外周效应。这种联合用药在八名高血压患者中成功地完全预防了可乐定停药的血流动力学和症状特征。