Chan Wei Yen, Stewart Ashleigh, Diefenbach Russell J, Gray Elin S, Lee Jenny H, Scolyer Richard A, Long Georgina V, Rizos Helen
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Melanoma Institute of Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
Biomolecules. 2025 Jun 17;15(6):883. doi: 10.3390/biom15060883.
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for personalised oncology. However, its clinical utility is limited by detection sensitivity, particularly in early-stage disease. T-Oligo Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (TOP-PCR) is a commercial amplification approach utilising an efficient "half-adapter" ligation design and a single-primer-based PCR strategy. This study evaluated the clinical value and application of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) pre-amplification. cfDNA amplification with TOP-PCR preserved DNA size profiles and resulted in a 22 bp size increase due to the half-adaptor ligation. Gene target amplification rates varied, showing lower efficiency for the GC-rich TERT promoter amplicon and higher efficiency for the and amplicons. Optimised pre-amplification (20 ng cfDNA input and 5-7 cycles of PCR) enhanced ctDNA detection sensitivity and expanded sample availability for the detection of multiple tumour-informed mutations. Importantly, PCR errors emerged in pre-amplified cfDNA samples, underscoring the necessity for negative controls and the establishment of stringent mutation positivity thresholds.
循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)是一种很有前景的个性化肿瘤生物标志物。然而,其临床应用受到检测灵敏度的限制,尤其是在疾病早期阶段。T-寡核苷酸引发聚合酶链反应(TOP-PCR)是一种商业扩增方法,采用高效的“半衔接子”连接设计和基于单引物的PCR策略。本研究评估了游离DNA(cfDNA)预扩增的临床价值和应用。使用TOP-PCR进行cfDNA扩增可保留DNA大小分布,由于半衔接子连接,DNA大小增加了22 bp。基因靶点扩增率各不相同,富含GC的TERT启动子扩增子效率较低,而其他扩增子效率较高。优化的预扩增(20 ng cfDNA输入和5-7个PCR循环)提高了ctDNA检测灵敏度,并扩大了用于检测多个肿瘤相关突变的样本可用性。重要的是,预扩增的cfDNA样本中出现了PCR错误,这突出了设置阴性对照和建立严格的突变阳性阈值的必要性。
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