Boivin William G, Cory Maxwell T, Kormas Ioannis, Wolff Larry F
Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 May 26;17(6):697. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17060697.
The purpose of this narrative review is to identify and present clinical trials published in the last five years on local delivery agents used as adjuncts to subgingival instrumentation in the non-surgical management of periodontitis. Epidemiological studies have shown that periodontitis is highly prevalent in the general population. Treatment is usually based on mechanical removal of contaminants from the root surface followed by long-term supportive care, resulting in decreased occurrence of tooth loss. Clinical health is not always achieved at all sites, leading to research efforts by researchers to find adjunctive agents to help improve the periodontal condition. This review aims to present the most recent developments in local adjunctive agents for the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis. Therapies used included antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as well as antimicrobial and biomodulating compounds. A search in PubMed was conducted to identify the most recent randomized controlled trials relating to locally delivered adjunctive agents in periodontitis treatment beyond traditional therapies such as chlorhexidine, minocycline and doxycycline. Thirty-one articles published in the last five years were included. The most current evidence from human trials supports that, despite the high variability in experimental protocols, there may be a clinical benefit to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and gels carrying sodium hypochlorite, melatonin, tea tree oil and . Most recently, advances in nanotechnology, including liposomes, present an avenue forward to potentially increase the effectiveness of current and future local delivery agents in the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis.
本叙述性综述的目的是识别并介绍过去五年发表的关于在牙周炎非手术治疗中用作龈下器械治疗辅助手段的局部给药制剂的临床试验。流行病学研究表明，牙周炎在普通人群中非常普遍。治疗通常基于从牙根表面机械清除污染物，随后进行长期支持性护理，从而减少牙齿脱落的发生率。并非所有部位都总能实现临床健康，这促使研究人员努力寻找辅助制剂以帮助改善牙周状况。本综述旨在介绍牙周炎非手术治疗局部辅助制剂的最新进展。所使用的治疗方法包括抗菌光动力疗法以及抗菌和生物调节化合物。在PubMed上进行了检索，以识别与牙周炎治疗中局部给药辅助制剂相关的最新随机对照试验，这些试验超越了传统疗法，如氯己定、米诺环素和多西环素。纳入了过去五年发表的31篇文章。来自人体试验的最新证据支持，尽管实验方案存在高度变异性，但抗菌光动力疗法以及含有次氯酸钠、褪黑素、茶树油和……的凝胶可能具有临床益处。最近，包括脂质体在内的纳米技术进展为潜在提高当前及未来局部给药制剂在牙周炎非手术治疗中的有效性提供了一条途径。
